Wall Vegetation Characteristics of Urban and Sub-Urban Areas

Yalçınalp, Emrah; Meral, Alperen

doi:10.3390/su9101691

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The forbs were a mix of annual and perennial species (Table 2). Brandes (2010), Lisci and Pacini (1993) and Yalcinalp & Meral (2017) observed similar species with similar dominants as were observed in this study. Because sampling methods varied across these studies, detailed comparisons are difficult.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The majority of the species were herbaceous forbs, with Paretaria judaica being the most common species as it is on walls in other parts of Albania (Brandes 2010) and in Italy (Lisci & Pacini 1993) and Turkey (Yalcinalp & Meral 2017). The only woody species in the 14 most Ermelinda Gjeta, Jonathan Titus & Priscilla Titus Plant species occupy different habitats on the fortress walls in Elbasan, Albania…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differing wall characteristics may influence the species found on the walls (Lisci & Pacini 1993, Jim 1998, Jim & Chen 2010, Yalcinalp & Meral 2017 with wall material, stone dimensions, surface smoothness, surface moisture, weathering status, crack condition, wall aspect, inclination and exposure influencing the species found. Many of the walls in these studies are backed by soil, i.e., retaining walls, and would have different ecological characteristics than walls that are the sides of buildings or are freestanding due to the potential access to soil, nutrients and moisture on the other side of the wall (Lisci & Pacini 1993, Lososová & Láníková 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant species occupy different habitats on the fortress walls in Elbasan, Albania

Gjeta

Titus

2021

Hacquetia

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Vegetated walls are an important habitat for urban biodiversity. We conducted an analysis of the plant species that grow on the Elbasan, Albania fortress walls. Walls vary in age from 4th to 21st century, and in composition. On 71 walls we assessed 2787 plants of 35 species and recorded plant size, presence of flowers or fruits, height from the ground, crevice depth, wall aspect, wall age and composition, and distance to nearest opposing wall. Eleven species, two of which were ferns, composed 93.8% of the plants. The vast majority of plants flowered and fruited on the walls. Plant density ranged from 0.1–70 plants/m2. Species distributions varied significantly based on height on the wall, crevice depth, aspect and distance to the opposing wall. These differences may be influenced by dispersal mechanisms, moisture, substrate composition, and other important environmental factors. For example, Antirrhinum majus was generally found high on south facing walls in deep cracks whereas Umbilicus rupestris was found lower on north facing walls in shallower cracks. It is important that older walls colonized by plants be maintained such that a native flora can persist where natural rocky features are lacking.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant species occupy different habitats on the fortress walls in Elbasan, Albania

Gjeta

Titus

2021

Hacquetia

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“…Another factor is the age of the wall and the presence of lime mortar [11,51,56]. The age of a wall that can enhance variegated flora ranges from one hundred to five hundred years, where the age is associated with the dissolution of walls, creating crevices, and sediment accumulation in this context promotes more botanical communities [51,56,57].…”

Section: Co-factors For Plant Invasion and Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the potential effects of plants with their secreted biochemicals on the biodeterioration of archaeological stones

Elgohary

Mansour

Salem

2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Archaeological sites and structures suffer from several factors of deterioration. The present survey focuses on the biodeterioration by plants, which is not less important than the rest of the deterioration factors; moreover, in many cases, it leads to their occurrence. Despite the importance of plants in our lives and their aesthetic appearance around stone monuments, they pose a threat to their survival. Therefore, it is necessary to have such a review to detail this topic and understand its severity by identifying the most common and harmful plant species, the co-factors for their existence, and the mechanism of damage. Physical damage through causing cracks, detachment, and loss of structural integrity and chemical damage from root secretions-biological damage by encouraging microorganisms and insects supported by examples of sites that have been damaged by plants. The results will help to apply appropriate methods of prevention and control by mentioning the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

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“…The city is within the A8 of the grid system created by Davis 1965 andDavis 1988 and the annual mean rainfall is about 760 mm, while the mean temperature is about 14.6 C o . The monthly mean temperature ranges from 7.3 C o in January and from 13 to 23.1 C o in August (Yalçınalp and Meral, 2017).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruderal Plants in Urban and Sub-Urban Walls and Roofs

Yalçınalp

Meral

2019

Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi

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Objective: Main purpose of this study is to identify the ruderal plant species which spontaneously grows on the wall and roof surfaces in urban and suburban areas due to their limited ecological needs and to contribute to the creating of the sustainable green areas in urban environments by understanding the parameters that ruderals depend on while they require little maintenance and irrigation support if not no. Material and Methods: The main material of this study is the ruderal plants which were collected from totally 60 walls and 36 roof surfaces within six districts of Trabzon city-Akçaabat, Arsin, Çaykara, Of, Ortahisar and Yomra in Turkey. From these 96 habitats, 1540 plants samples form the walls and 448 plant samples from the roofs were collected. All the plant samples collected from the research area were identified in the herbarium of the faculty of forestry in Karadeniz Technical University. Apart from this, parametres affecting coverage rate of common species on three different habitats were analysed. Results: It was found that 448 samples from the roof surfaces distributed into 61 species while 1540 samples from the walls distributed into 196 species. Plus, according to the analyses, 28 species were found on all three different habitats. As a result of the observations, measurements and analyses, it is clear from the study that coverage rate of the plant species depends on anthropogenic interaction, daylight period and depth of the media but there is no relation with the number of the species on the surfaces. Conclusion: Ruderal plants are definitely important to study on, if the world wants the term sustainability to find its real meaning as they require nearly nothing to grow in hard conditions. In urban life, maintenance is getting more and more expensive for green areas in urban life and this makes it difficult for them to survive especially when cities have limited budget on this, which has often occurred all over the world recently. There is no doubt that ruderal plants offer a great opportunity for modern era urban areas with their limited needs to grow in hard conditions. Furthermore, when thinking about the fact a serious amount of the ruderal plants detected on all three basic habitats has a great landscape plant characteristics, the approaches to their usage in urban areas are really critical.

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Wall Vegetation Characteristics of Urban and Sub-Urban Areas

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Plant species occupy different habitats on the fortress walls in Elbasan, Albania

Plant species occupy different habitats on the fortress walls in Elbasan, Albania

Assessment of the potential effects of plants with their secreted biochemicals on the biodeterioration of archaeological stones

Ruderal Plants in Urban and Sub-Urban Walls and Roofs

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