War and prejudice: A study of social values, right-wing authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation

Heaven, Patrick C. L.; Organ, Lee-Anne; Supavadeeprasit, Sunila; Leeson, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.08.005

Cited by 63 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…According to Schwartz (1992), value types can be regarded as combinations of two higher-order dimensions: Openness to Change versus Conservation (Stimulation and Self-Direction versus Tradition, Conformity and Security) and Self-Enhancement versus Self-Transcendence (Power and Achievement versus Universalism and Benevolence). Previous studies have shown a relationship between political ideology and these values, revealing higher scores of Conservation and SelfEnhancement on the right side of the political spectrum (e.g., Heaven, Organ, Supavadeeprasit, Leeson, 2006).…”

Section: The Present Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In particular, these models take the form of a mediation model in which social attitudes (like RWA and SDO) ‗transmit' the effects of values on prejudice (e.g., Heaven et al, 2006). This mediation model is also tested in the present study.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At level 4 we checked whether social attitudes (RWA and SDO) mediated the relationship between social values and Ethnic prejudice (see Cohrs, et al, 2005;Heaven et al, 2006). As can be inferred from Table 7, these analyses revealed very different results for the various samples.…”

Section: Insert Table 6 About Here Level 4: Mediation Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A psycho‐political profile of party activists and left‐wing and right‐wing extremists

Hiel

2011

European J Political Res

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Profile of political party activists 2 A psycho-political profile of moderates and left-wing and right-wing extremists Abstract.The present study tests for differences among samples of activists from moderate and extreme political ideologies. Previous studies comparing ideological groups have been restricted to tests of betweengroup differences in the means of relevant political psychological variables, thereby neglecting eventual group differences in the variances, meanings and nomological networks of the tested variables (i.e., their psychometric properties, the pattern of correlations among these measures, and the presence of mediation and moderator effects). A first exploratory study used data from the European Social Survey (total N = 7314) comparing groups of political party members on the basis of their scores on a selfplacement left-right scale. The second study (total N = 69) constituted an in-depth test for the presence of differences between samples of political activists of moderate parties, communists, anarchists, and right-wing extremists. The present results revealed that there is a fair amount of heterogeneity within left-wing and right-wing extremists, indicating a substantial amount of within-group variance of social attitudes, values, and prejudice. Moreover, the extremist ideologies are best approached as distinct ideologies that cannot be reduced to extreme versions of moderate ideology, and differences in the meanings and nomological networks of the various extremist ideologies were also obtained. It is erroneous to consider members of extremist groups as being ‗all alike'. Moreover, the findings obtained in samples of political moderates do not seem to be a particularly solid basis for theories about extremism. We also present psycho-political profiles of communists, anarchists and right-wing extremists.KEY WORDS: anarchism; authoritarianism; communism; European Social Survey; extremism; ideology; values; right-wing ideology Profile of political party activists 3 What does it mean to be an ‗extremist'? Dictionary.com defines an extremist as a person who goes to extremes, especially in political matters, or someone who is a supporter or advocate of extreme doctrines or practices. In the present studies, we tightly stick to this definition, by investigating people who locate themselves on the extremes of a political left-right self-placement scale, and we studied members of extreme doctrines (i.e., anarchism, communism, and extreme rightists) as well. We believe it is of utmost importance to stress that specific political ideas should be considered within their specific cultural-historical time-space or context. Some ideas may be considered ‗very extreme' in one context, while these ideas may be very ‗moderate' in another context. As Sidanius (1985) has put it: -… belief in political and social equality of Blacks would most certainly have been a very ‗extreme' idea in the America of 1776 and is now becoming a very moderate idea in the America of 1984‖ (p. 639). According to the same logic, m...

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Section: The Present Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A psycho‐political profile of party activists and left‐wing and right‐wing extremists

Hiel

2011

European J Political Res

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“…Across a range of social contexts, the Rightwing Authoritarianism scale correlates with various forms of prejudice (e.g., Altemeyer, 1996;Crowson, DeBacker, & Thoma, 2005;Heaven, Organ, Supavadeeprasit, & Leeson, 2006;Heaven & St. Quintin, 2003;Mirisola, Sibley, Boca, & Duckitt, 2007). In the study of religion and prejudice, fundamentalism has emerged as a central construct (e.g., Altemeyer & Hunsberger, 1992;Hunsberger, 1995), and, together with RWA, large amounts of variance can be consistently explained (see also, Laythe, Finkel, Bringle, & Kirkpatrick, 2002;Laythe, Finkel, & Kirkpatrick, 2001;Wylie & Forest, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right-wing authoritarianism, fundamentalism and prejudice revisited: Removing suppression and statistical artefact

Mavor

Macleod

Boal

et al. 2009

Personality and Individual Differences

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This paper challenges a finding reported by several researchers, that fundamentalism could be associated with a reduction in racial prejudice after controlling for authoritarianism (RWA). We argue that the presence of fundamentalism in the construct definition of the conventionalism cluster of RWA leads to higher associations between fundamentalism and conventionalism than with other aspects of RWA. This creates a statistical artefact that distorts the results of multiple regression analyses that include both fundamentalism and RWA as independent variables. To test this hypothesis, 299 participants completed measures of prejudice as well as fundamentalism and the three RWA clusters (conventionalism, authoritarian aggression, and submission). In regression analyses using fundamentalism and the combined RWA scale we replicate previous findings that when RWA is controlled, higher fundamentalism leads to lower prejudice. After removing the overlapping method variance in the scales, this pattern is eliminated and the commonly observed positive relationship between fundamentalism and prejudice is found. We describe the statistical artefact, its antecedents, and its theoretical implications, and outline how investigations in this important area should proceed.

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“…These studies have shown that terrorist events -when defined as being serious threats to national security -usually promote support for military actions. Furthermore, many scholars (Bonanno & Jost, 2006;Crowson, DeBacker, & Thoma, 2005;Heaven, Organ, Supavadeeprasit, & Leeson, 2006;McFarland, 2005) have pointed out the effect of both Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) in predicting attitudes related to the use of military aggression as part of the war on terror. RWA is defined as the covariation of three attitudinal clusters: submission to authority, aggression against conventional targets, and conventionalism (Altemeyer, 1996).…”

Section: Terrorism and The War On Terrorismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Support to military or humanitarian counterterrorism interventions: the effect of interpersonal and intergroup attitudes

Passini

Battistelli

2014

Int. j. psychol. res.

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Recently, new interest in terrorism and psychological factors related to supporting the war on terrorism has been growing in the field of psychology. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of various socio-political attitudes on the level of agreement with military and humanitarian counterterrorism interventions. 270 Italian participants responded to a news article concerning measures against terrorism. Half of the participants read an article regarding a military intervention while the other half read about a humanitarian intervention. They then evaluated the other type of intervention. Results showed that military intervention was supported by people with high authoritarian, dominant, ethnocentric attitudes and by people who attach importance to both positive and negative reciprocity norms. Instead, none of these variables was correlated with humanitarian intervention. Finally, there was a considerable influence of media on the acceptance of both interventions RESUMENRecientemente, ha estado creciendo en el campo de la psicología un nuevo interés en el terrorismo y los factores psicológicos relacionados al apoyo de la lucha contra el terrorismo. El objetivo de este estudio fue el de examinar el efecto de varias actitudes socio-políticas en el nivel de aceptación de las intervenciones contraterroristas humanitarias y militares. 270 participantes italianos respondieron a un artículo sobre medidas contras el terrorismo. La mitad de los participantes leyeron un artículo acerca de intervenciones militares mientras que el resto leyó sobre la intervención humanitaria. Luego, todos evaluaron el otro tipo de intervención. Los resultados mostraron que la intervención militar fue apoyada por personas con actitudes autoritarias, dominantes, y etnocéntricas y por personas que adscriben importancia a las normas de reciprocidad tanto negativas como positivas. En cambio, ninguna de estas variables fueron correlacionadas con la intervención humanitaria. Finalmente, había una influencia considerable de los medios de comunicación en la aceptación de ambas intervenciones. Palabras clave:Terrorismo, apoyo a la guerra, autoritarismo, etnocentrismo, medios de comunicación.

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War and prejudice: A study of social values, right-wing authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation

Cited by 63 publications

References 23 publications

A psycho‐political profile of party activists and left‐wing and right‐wing extremists

A psycho‐political profile of party activists and left‐wing and right‐wing extremists

Right-wing authoritarianism, fundamentalism and prejudice revisited: Removing suppression and statistical artefact

Support to military or humanitarian counterterrorism interventions: the effect of interpersonal and intergroup attitudes

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