Warifteine, an Alkaloid Purified fromCissampelos sympodialis, Inhibits Neutrophil MigrationIn VitroandIn Vivo

Abstract

Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl is a plant from the Northeast and Southeast of Brazil. Its root infusion is popularly used for treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases. We investigated whether warifteine, its main alkaloid, would have anti-inflammatory effect due to a blockage of neutrophil function. In vivo warifteine treatment inhibited casein-induced neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavity but did not inhibit neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow. Analysis of the direct effect of warifteine upon neutrophil adherence and migration in vitro demonstrated that the alkaloid decreased cell adhesion to P and E-selectin-transfected cells. In addition, fLMP-induced neutrophil migration in a transwell system was blocked by warifteine; this effect was mimicked by cAMP mimetic/inducing substances, and warifteine increased intracellular cAMP levels in neutrophils. The production of DNA extracellular traps (NETs) was also blocked by warifteine but there was no alteration on PMA-induced oxidative burst or LPS-stimulated TNFα secretion. Taken together, our data indicate that the alkaloid warifteine is a potent anti-inflammatory substance and that it has an effect on neutrophil migration through a decrease in both cell adhesion and migration.

Ethanol extract of Cissampelos sympodialis ameliorates lung tissue damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…The better preservation of islets when the animals were treated with CSE can be directly related to the antiinflammatory property of CSE. Previous phytochemical works have described the presence of five alkaloids in the hydro-alcoholic CSE: warifteine, metilwarifteine, roraimine, liriodenine and milonine (Cortes et al, 1995;De Lira et al, 2002) Warifteine (Wa) is the more abundant alkaloid in CSE, having its anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory properties mainly related to the modulation of the production and migration in vivo and in vitro of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and lymphocytes (Lima et al, 2014;Costa et al, 2008). Thus, it is possible that these substances are involved in modulating inflammation and exert protective effect on pancreatic islets cells.…”

The emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19)

“…PMA and LPS ( E. coli O55:B5) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and Invivogen (San Diego, CA), respectively. Samples were then incubated for 90 min at 37 °C/5% CO 2 15 , the cells were centrifuged at 4 °C/1600 RPM for 6 min, and the supernatants were collected for extracellular DNA measurement. Then, 25 µL of the supernatants were added to 50 µL of tris–EDTA buffer (1 mM at pH 8.0) and 25 µL of Quant-it Picogreen dsDNA reagent (Thermofisher), a highly sensitive fluorescent DNA dye.…”

The transcriptional repressor Hes1 attenuates inflammation by regulating transcription elongation

“…The number of cells in the outside compartment was determined by direct cell counting using a hemocytometer. The chemotaxis index for each sample was calculated by the ratio of number of migrated cells in Cxcl1 conditions versus number of migrated cells in medium only conditions (representing spontaneous cell migration) 40 .…”