Warm-Season Grass Production Responses to Site and Defoliation Frequency

Fike, John H.; Teutsch, Christopher D.; Ward, Daniel L.

doi:10.1094/fg-2005-0824-01-rs

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For the June/July production period, the probability of Teff and CB yields exceeded BG yields and met the minimum requirement at a higher rate. This result contradicts the conclusion of Fike et al (2005) that BG had relatively stable yields across weather extremes and should be superior for managing risk. This discrepency could be attribituted to poor establishment and persistence of BG and CB stands experienced in 2008.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 74%

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Risk Management in Forage Production of Cow–Calf Systems of Appalachia

Newman

Abaye

Clapham³

et al. 2012

Agronomy Journal

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Variation in production of cool-season forages over a typical grazing period increases the risk of failing to meet livestock nutrient needs. Th e objective of this study was to evaluate the risk-buff ering capacity of warm-season forages to fi ll the summer slump in production of cool-season grasses in the Appalachian region. Small-plot experiments were initiated in the summer of 2008 at three sites in Virginia. Treatments included three tall fescue [Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Hulub] types (endophyte-infected [KY31 E+], endophyte free [KY31 E-], and novel endophyte [Max Q]), Teff [Eragrotis tef (Zucc.) Trotter], bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] (BG), and Caucasian bluestem [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake] (CB). Plots were harvested May through October of 2009 and 2010 at the late boot stage at a cutting height of 10 cm. Subsamples were analyzed for dry matter and nutritive value.To assess risk, bootstrap distributions of biomass and quality data were generated by Monte Carlo simulation and compared against an objective function defi ned as 59 kg ha -1 d -1 forage yield; 100 g kg -1 crude protein (CP); 600 g kg -1 total digestible nutrients (TDN). Th e warm-season grasses produced biomass yields and nutritional values adequate to fi ll the summer slump from cool-season forages and demonstrated a higher probability of meeting the minimum requirements in July, August, and September. Teff was most consistent in meeting the minimum requirements in mid-summer. However, both BG and CB can help to fi ll the gap in summer months when compared to cool-season tall fescue. Bootstrap distributions provide producers with a tool that links their production goals with a measurable value of production risk.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…6). In a study involving similar species, Fike et al (2005) confirmed that most warm‐season grasses begin their peak production as tall fescue begins to decline. For the June/July production period, the probability of Teff and CB yields exceeded BG yields and met the minimum requirement at a higher rate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Risk Management in Forage Production of Cow–Calf Systems of Appalachia

Newman

Abaye

Clapham³

et al. 2012

Agronomy Journal

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“…DM yields were predominantly distributed in summer, with 0AE50 of the DM harvested between mid-June and late August, at the time when temperate grass species were not growing. The DM yields of warm-season perennial grasses have the potential to supply hay or grazing for livestock in Mediterranean environments in summer when DM yields of cool-season species are less or none (Madakadze et al, 1998;Gherbin and De Franchi, 1999;Maiorana et al, 2002;Cassaniti et al, 2003;Fike et al, 2005). In relation to feeding value, many of the grasses had CP concentrations slightly lower than the legumes and not very high ash and CF concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptability and productivity of some warm‐season pasture species in a Mediterranean environment

Gherbin

Franchi

Monteleone

et al. 2007

Grass and Forage Science

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Warm-season grasses and legumes have the potential to provide forage throughout the Mediterranean summer when there are high temperatures and low rainfall and when cool-season grasses become less productive. Twenty-nine non-native, warm-season pasture species (twenty-three grasses and six legumes) were assessed for their adaptability to the coastal plain of southern Italy in terms of their productivity and nutritional quality. The investigated species were compared with two reference species widely used in a Mediterranean environment: a grass (Festuca arundinacea) and a legume (Medicago sativa). The species differed in their phenological and biological characteristics, i.e. start of vegetative resumption, first flowering and cold resistance, from each other and from the control species. From the second year after establishment, warm-season perennial grasses had high dry-matter (DM) yields and, in many cases, a more than adequate nutritional quality. As for legumes, the control, M. sativa gave the best results in all the investigated characters. Among the grasses, seven species (Chloris gayana, Eragrostis curvula, Panicum coloratum, Paspalum dilatatum, Pennisetum clandestinum, Sorghum almum, Sorghum spp. hybrid) had DM yields greater than the control species and had their maximum growth during the hottest period of the year, when F. arundinacea, the control grass species, was dormant. Eragrostis curvula had the highest annual DM yield (21·1 t ha−1) and P. clandestinum provided the best combination of agronomic and yield characteristics which were similar to those of M. sativa. The seven above-mentioned species have the potential to supply hay or grazing and contribute to broadening and stabilizing the forage production calendar in Mediterranean-type environments

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“…Fike et al (6) evaluated DM yield of Wrangler bermudagrass that was harvested at 2-, 4-, and 6-wk intervals at two locations in Virginia. Yields for the 2-wk harvest interval were almost twofold greater than those of bermudagrass only in the present experiment; however, the Virginia experiment applied 300 lb N/ acre over three split applications.…”

Section: Forage Dry Matter Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cool‐Season Annual Grasses Interseeded into a Bermudagrass with Improved Cold Tolerance for Grazing in the Upper South

Aiken

2014

Forage grazinglands

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Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (Pers.) L.] cultivars with improved cold tolerance can be used for grazing in the U.S. upper south, but these bermudagrasses do not provide adequate growth for stocking until late May to early June. Length of the grazing season can be extended by interseeding bermudagrass with cool‐season annual grasses; however, it is uncertain if competiveness of cool‐season grasses will reduce yields and damage stands of bermudagrasses that are late in breaking dormancy. A plot experiment was conducted with ‘Wrangler’ bermudagrass to compare spring and summer herbage dry matter (DM) yields, percentage harvested yields relative to total spring or summer DM yields, and nutritive value among interseeded rye (Secale cereale L.), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye–wheat and rye–ryegrass mixtures, and bermudagrass‐only plots. Rye and mixtures of rye with wheat or ryegrass had high total spring yields in both years whereas wheat yields were low in both years and ryegrass provided high yields in the first year and lower yields in the second. Bermudagrass‐only plots consistently had the highest total summer yields, but any dampening of bermudagrass in interseeded plots occurred only in the first summer harvest. Results indicated that cool‐season annual grasses can be interseeded into bermudagrass to provide grazing in the spring with high‐quality forage.

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Warm-Season Grass Production Responses to Site and Defoliation Frequency

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Risk Management in Forage Production of Cow–Calf Systems of Appalachia

Risk Management in Forage Production of Cow–Calf Systems of Appalachia

Adaptability and productivity of some warm‐season pasture species in a Mediterranean environment

Cool‐Season Annual Grasses Interseeded into a Bermudagrass with Improved Cold Tolerance for Grazing in the Upper South

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