Waste Cooking Oil as a Sustainable Bio Modifier for Asphalt Modification: A Review

Abstract

The rising demand for non-renewable resources such as asphalt binder is a significant issue in the pavement industry. Flexible pavement consumes a significant amount of asphalt binder, which has become a major issue in terms of environmental sustainability and from an economics viewpoint. Hence, researchers strive to find other alternatives to solve these problems, to enhance the performance and lifespan of flexible pavement. Biomass-based bio-oil, such as waste cooking oil (WCO), as a modifier has illustrated favorable effects for asphalt binder and mixture. However, in the pavement industry, its adoption as a modifier is still in an empirical stage. Hence, this paper aimed to give an overview by analyzing literature in-depth to reveal the potential of WCO as a modifier in the pavement industry. The low- and intermediate-temperature performance of the WCO-modified asphalt binder are superior. However, it compromises physical properties and high-temperature performance. Hence, it can be improved by controlling the quality of WCO or by further modification by additives such as ground tire rubber (GTR) and waste plastic. This paper also attempts to review available and potential physical and chemical technologies to minimize the negative effects of free fatty acid (FFA) and water content of WCO on modified asphalt binder properties. For WCO-modified asphalt mixture, the overall performance depends on the dose, quality of WCO, and type of additive added in the WCO-modified binder. Finally, future recommendations are provided to broaden the scope of WCO as a modifier in the forthcoming sustainable pavement industry.

Revisión sistemática del comportamiento convencional y reológico del biocompuesto asfalto-biomasas producidas

“…Sabemos que las mezclas asfálticas constan del árido, ligante asfáltico y relleno, siendo el ligante como producto del refinado del petróleo [4] el material clave en el sector de la pavimentación flexible en las carreteras en Europa [5] [6], lo que conlleva al aumento de su coste [7], depreciación de las reservas de asfalto [8] con el agotamiento de los recursos petrolíferos [9] [10], también su envejecimiento oxidativo es otra disyuntiva [11] en las características termomecánicas del ligante, causando el aumento de la rigidez, fragilidad, disminución de ductibilidad [12] y el agrietamiento prematuro del pavimento [13], además de la alta presencia de huecos, baja resistencia inicial y la mejora de la misma a paso lento son los desafíos de las mezclas en frío [14] [15], como consecuencias de un mal diseño de carreteras [16], así mismo su deterioro con el pasar del tiempo; siendo el primero en la preparación de la mezcla asfáltica, y el segundo durante la vida útil de la estructura [17].…”

Investigation of unaged and long-term aged bio-based asphalt mixtures containing lignin according to the VECD theory

“…For these reasons, bio-binders are currently considered a promising solution for flexible pavements. They consist in a partial or total replacement of bitumen, which derives from the distillation process of crude oil, with various bio-resources such as animal waste, bio-oils (wood, sunflower, corn, soybean) [2][3][4] waste cooking oil [5], and lignin [6][7][8] In particular, lignin is gaining much interest since it is largely available in nature [9][10][11]. It can be in dusty or liquid form and derives from specific pyrolysis [12] or hydrolysis [13] processes carried out on wastes of the wood pulp and paper industries.…”

Study of the Microscopic Mechanism of Natural Rubber (Cis-1, 4-Polyisoprene, NR)/Polyethylene (PE) Modified Asphalt from the Perspective of Simulation

“…There are many kinds of materials that can be used as modifiers, and the current research mainly includes the following aspects. Some researchers use biomaterials as modifiers to prepare bio-asphalt [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], such as beans [ 9 ], waste cooking oil [ 10 , 11 ], biochar [ 12 , 13 ], and so on. Forestry resources and animal excreta are liquefied and separated to prepare modifiers.…”