Waste energy recovery analysis of a diesel engine exhaust system

Simiński

et al. 2018

atest

This paper presents a calculation algorithm for a thermoelectric generator fitted in the exhaust system of a combustion engine. The viability of the presented calculation method was verified on an actual combustion engine. The calculations were performed for a BMW engine, and the generator design was based on a prototype from the same manufacturer. The paper includes calculations of the thermal cycle and of the parameters of exhaust gases from the engine. Subsequent calculations cover heat transfer from exhaust gases to the thermoelectric module and the amount of electric energy obtained from a series of modules. In the last part, the focus is on the influence of engine speed on the performance of the thermoelectric generator.

Section: Analysis Of the Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Pressure Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of car waste heat recovery system utilizing thermoelectric generator

Simiński

et al. 2018

atest

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

“…A recent study has divulged that effectively 72% of global primary energy gets wasted as heat. 1 In diesel engines, only 30−40% of chemical energy can be converted into mechanical energy, 2 from which only one-third can be utilized for propulsion, and the rest comes out as heat through exhaust. 3 Recovery of waste heat using a solid state thermoelectric generator (TEG) can be a feasible alternative, in which waste thermal energy gets directly converted into electrical energy using the Seebeck effect.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis and Optimization of a SnSe-Based Thermoelectric Generator

Bhattacharya

Ranjan

Kumar

et al. 2021

The thermoelectric generator (TEG) is considered as one of the most promising technologies for clean energy generation. But performance optimization with respect to its design and architecture is required for wide-scale commercialization. In this study, we have carried out finite element modeling (FEM) of a SnSe-based thermoelectric generator (TEG) considering electrical contact loss and various heat losses under isothermal and isoflux heat boundary conditions. The conventional Π-architecture comprising both p- and n-legs often results in overall poor performance due to the inferior efficiency of the n-leg TE module compared to its p-counterpart even though SnSe holds high ZT values (≥2). To counter that, we have strategized to design only a p-legged architecture and evaluated its performance in terms of power output and efficiency. Step-by-step optimization of internal and system level parameters for a multiple p-legged as well as traditional p–n-legged TEG has been carried out. Further, Al-based fins have been used to increase the net heat capturing area in the case of the isoflux heat boundary condition. The incorporation of fins facilitates us to redefine an internal parameter called fill fraction (FF) in terms of system level parameters, which leads to easier optimization of the TEG. Keeping in mind the practical application of a TEG in automobile exhaust, simulation of multiple p-legged architecture has resulted in maximum power output of 6.61 and 3.45 W under the isothermal and isoflux heat boundary conditions, respectively. In the FEM considering various thermal and electrical losses under the isothermal heat boundary condition, a maximum efficiency of 4.8% has been obtained in the case of Π-architecture, which is slightly higher than that obtained in the multiple p-legged TEG (3.48%). However, under the isoflux scenario, which is more commonly found in practical waste-heat sources, a maximum efficiency of 17.5% has been achieved for multiple p-legged architecture, which is 14 times higher than that attained for Π-architecture (1.24%). Also, a huge surge (500%) in maximum power output has been observed for the proposed multiple p-legged TEG compared to Π-architecture in our FEM considering various thermal and electrical losses in the isoflux heat source condition. Furthermore, the investigation of thermal and mechanical stability in terms of generated von Mises stress and deformation due to a significant temperature difference has revealed that multiple p-legged architecture is indeed more stable as compared to a Π-architecture TEG under both of the heat boundary conditions.

ELECTROTECHNICAL REVIEW

Innovative reduction of CO2 emission through application of energy-saving electroluminescent external lightning of passenger vehicles

Łukasik

Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska

Kozyra

2015

Przemysł motoryzacyjny konsekwentnie rozwija technologię LED stosowaną do oświetlenia zewnętrznego pojazdów osobowych. Nadając pojazdom nie tylko nowy ciekawy wygląd, ale również przyczynia się do spadku zużycia energii elektrycznej co przekłada się na zmniejszenie emisji CO 2. Ograniczenie emisji dwutlenku węgla to jeden z podstawowych warunków jakie założyła sobie Unia Europejska w niedawno przyjętym pakiecie energetyczno-klimatycznym. Sektor transportu drogowego jest drugim co do wielkości źródłem emisji gazów cieplarnianych w UE odpowiedzialnym za 12% wszystkich emisji dwutlenku węgla. Obniżenie emisji do przeciętnego poziomu 130g CO 2 /km z nowych samochodów ma zostać osiągnięte poprzez postęp technologiczny w procesie produkcji pojazdów. Dodatkowe ograniczenie o 10g CO 2 /km można uzyskać poprzez inne usprawnienia techniczne, takie jak lepsze ogumienie, sprawniejsze systemy klimatyzacji, bardziej efektywne oświetlenie czy wykorzystanie biopaliw. W artykule autorzy zaprezentowali założenia i wytyczne techniczne oraz metodę badań innowacyjnego pakietu technologicznego w odniesieniu do stosowania energooszczędnego oświetlenia zewnętrznego pojazdów wykorzystujących diody elektroluminescencyjne. Energooszczędne oświetlenie zewnętrzne wykorzystujące diody elektroluminescencyjne w światłach mijania, światłach drogowych, przednich światłach pozycyjnych i światłach tablicy rejestracyjnej w samochodach typu M1 uznane zostało przez Komisję Europejską za innowacyjne rozwiązanie z kodem ekoinnowacji "10". Innowacyjne zmniejszenie emisji CO 2 przez zastosowanie energooszczędnego elektroluminescencyjnego oświetlenia zewnętrznego samochodów osobowych Abstract. Automotive industry constantly develops LED technology applied to external lightning of passenger vehicles. It gives vehicle not only a new interesting look, but also contributes to reduction of electricity consumption and reduction of CO 2 emission. Reduction of CO 2 emission is one of the basic conditions of European Union in recently passed energy and climate package. Sector of road transport is the second biggest source of greenhouse gas emission in the EU, which is responsible for 12% of all CO 2 emissions. Reduction of emission to an average level of 130g CO 2 /km from new cars will be reached through technological progress in a process of production of vehicles. Additional reduction by 10g CO 2 /km can be reached through other technical improvements, such as better tyres, more efficient airconditioning systems, more effective lightning or use of biofuels. In this article, the authors present technical assumptions and guidelines and method of research innovative of technological package with reference to application of energy-saving external lightning of vehicles, which use light-emitting diodes. Energy-saving external lightning with the use of light-emitting diodes in dipped headlights, driving lights, position front lights and number plate lights in M1 type cars was recognized by European Commission as innovative solution with a code of eco-innovation "10".