Water amino acid-chelated trace mineral supplementation decreases circulating and intestinal HSP70 and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in heat-stressed broiler chickens

Abstract

Heat stress (HS) is a financial and physiological burden on the poultry industry and the mitigation of the adverse effects of HS is vital to poultry production sustainability. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to determine the effects of an amino acid-chelated trace mineral supplement on growth performance, stress and inflammatory markers, and meat quality in heat-stressed broilers. One day-old Cobb 500 male broilers (n = 480) were allocated into 12 environmental chambers (24 floor pens) and divided into two groups: one group supplemented with amino acid-chelated trace mineral in drinking water and one control group. On day 28, birds were subjected to chronic heat stress (HS, 2 wk, 35 °C and 20% to 30% RH) or maintained at thermoneutral condition (TN, 24 °C) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Feed intake (FI), water consumption, and body weight were recorded. At day 42, serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-D) levels, blood gas, electrolyte, and stress markers were measured. Jejunum samples were collected to measure gene expression of stress, inflammation, and tight junction proteins. The rest of the birds were processed to evaluate carcass traits. HS resulted in an increase in core body temperature, which increased water intake and decreased FI, body weight, and feed efficiency (P < 0.05). HS reduced carcass yield and the weight of all parts (P < 0.05). HS significantly increased levels of circulating corticosterone (CORT), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), interleukin 18 (IL-18), tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing 3 expression. HS significantly increased serum FITC-D levels and the expression of HSP70 and IL-18 in the jejunum. Although it did not affect the growth performance, amino acid-chelated trace mineral supplementation reversed the effect of HS by reducing CORT and FITC-D levels and the expression of stress and proinflammatory cytokines in the circulation and the jejunum. However, it upregulated these parameters in birds maintained under TN conditions. Together, these data indicate that the amino acid-chelated trace mineral might alleviate stress and inflammation and improve gut integrity in heat-stressed but not thermoneutral broilers.

Spirulina platensis Inclusion Reverses Circulating Pro-inflammatory (Chemo)cytokine Profiles in Broilers Fed Low-Protein Diets

“…There is an intertwining relationship between inflammatory response and oxidative stress, in which inflammation elevates free radicals to levels exceeding cell threshold, thus inducing oxidative stress (26). Stress-induced inflammation can be associated with a plethora of factors, including dietary nutrient composition, bacterial or viral infection, environmental factors, obesity, aging, and numerous diseases (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33).…”

Nutritional significance of amino acids, vitamins and minerals as nutraceuticals in poultry production and health – a comprehensive review

“…A study conducted on one day old Cobb male broilers illustrated that dietary supplementation of amino acid chelated trace mineral helped in diminishing levels of circulatory and intestinal heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in heatstressed broiler chickens. This observation indicates that amino acid chelated trace minerals in the diet can improve gut health by lowering the effect of heat stress (Baxter et al 2020). There are evidences that amino acid metabolism is affected by health status of birds as shown in some recent studies on challenge vs. non challenge conditions (Chrystal et al 2020;Hilliar et al 2020).…”

Radical Response: Effects of Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress on Lipid Metabolism in the Avian Liver

“…Administration of amino acid-chelated trace minerals (containing Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, Mg, K and Ca) to drinking water of broilers alleviated the negative impact of chronic heat stress and decreased the expression of HSP70, IL-18, TNF-α, and NLRP3 in the blood [ 83 ].…”