Water Gas Shift Reaction in a glass microreactor

Mukherjee, Sayak; Hatalis, Miltiadis K.; Kothare, Mayuresh V.

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2006.07.007

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Glass has been the traditional reactor material for the synthetic chemist right from the beginning of modern science owing to its chemical resistance to most types of organic substances, acids, and bases and reasonably good conductivity of heat. In the field of high‐temperature applications glass‐based microreactors have been employed for the catalytic dehydration of alcohols at 155 °C,22 for the esterification of acetic acid at 180 °C,22 and in fuel cell type applications for the catalytic production of water gas (H 2 +CO 2 ) at reaction temperatures of 185 °C to 250 °C 23…”

Section: Reactor Design and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the situation for microreactors designed for use at moderate temperatures (≤170 °C), standard hot plates can be used for heating plate‐type microreactors made of silicon either directly,23 or packed inside a housing, or via heating blocks made of stainless steel,32 Cu,33 or Al 34. These heating blocks can alternatively be heated by insertion of cartridge heaters directly into a drilled hole 29.…”

Section: Reactor Design and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The capability of tubular flow reactors to achieve these conditions safely and easily is the main reason that many reports on continuous flow processing using scH 2 O (or near‐critical H 2 O) can be found in the literature. High‐temperature water has been used in flow reactors made mostly out of stainless steel, Hastelloy, or ceramic materials for performing a wide range of reactions like the water–gas shift reaction,23 methanol/ethanol reforming processes,24, 40, 42 the hydrolysis of lactic acid90 and of triglycerides for biodiesel production 51a,b. Other examples involve the decomposition of cellulose,91 glucose92 and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF),56a and most importantly for the destruction of industrial hazardous wastes 93…”

Section: Chemistry Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous Flow Organic Synthesis under High‐Temperature/Pressure Conditions

Razzaq

Kappe

2010

Chemistry An Asian Journal

297

151

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Microreactor technology and continuous flow processing in general are key features in making organic synthesis both more economical and environmentally friendly. When preformed under a high-temperature/pressure process intensification regime many transformations originally not considered suitable for flow synthesis owing to long reaction times can be converted into high-speed flow chemistry protocols that can operate at production-scale quantities. This Focus Review summarizes the state of the art in high-temperature/pressure microreactor technology and provides a survey of successful applications of this technique from the recent synthetic organic chemistry literature.

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Section: Reactor Design and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reactor Design and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemistry Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Continuous Flow Organic Synthesis under High‐Temperature/Pressure Conditions

Razzaq

Kappe

2010

Chemistry An Asian Journal

297

151

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“…reforming coupled with hydrogen oxidation (Delsman et al, 2004b, c;Terazaki et al, 2005;Shah et al, 2005;Shah and Besser, 2007); water gas shift reaction (Mukherjee et al, 2007;Dubrovskiy et al, 2009). Terazaki et al (2005) used a vacuum glass package for thermal insulation of microreactors.…”

Section: Effect Of Wall Thermal Conductivity On Microreactor Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Single-phase fluid flow distribution and heat transfer in microstructured reactors

Rebrov

Schouten

Croon

2011

Chemical Engineering Science

130

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Single-phase microreactors and micro-heat-exchangers have been widely used in industrial and scientific applications over the last decade. In several cases, operation of microreactors has shown that their expected efficiency cannot be reached either due to non-uniform distribution of reactants between different channels or due to flow maldistribution between individual microreactors working in parallel. The latter problem can result in substantial temperature deviations between different microreactors resulting in thermal runaway which could arise from an exothermic reaction. Thus advances in the understanding of heat transfer and fluid flow distribution continue to be crucial in achieving improved performance, efficiency and safety in microstructured reactors used for different applications. This paper presents a review of the experimental and numerical results on fluid flow distribution, heat transfer and combination thereof, available in the open literature. Heat transfer in microchannels can be suitably described by standard theory and correlations, but scaling effects (entrance effects, conjugate heat transfer, viscous heating, and temperature-dependent properties) have often to be accounted for in microsystems. Experiments with single channels are in good agreement with predictions from the published correlations. The accuracy of multichannel experiments is lower due to flow maldistribution. Special attention is devoted to theoretical and experimental studies on the effect of a flow maldistribution on the thermal and conversion response of catalytic microreactors. The review concludes with a set of design recommendations aimed at improving the reactor performance.

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“…Therefore, the microreactor is normally an array of parallel channels with width ranging from 0.25 mm to 5 mm [12,13] and length varying from a few centimeters to eventually some meters [14]. Not only the shape but also the manufacturing material varies widely; it might be quartz [15] or silica [16] capillary, mainly recovered by metal or oxides [17][18][19], but other materials could also fit the same purposes, such as zeolite [20,21] or carbon nanotubes [22]. Nonetheless, microchannels present some drawbacks owing to the difficulty in properly mixing the fluids in small dimensions and also to clogging during use [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%