Water homeostasis, frailty and cognitive function in the nursing home

Kehayias, Joseph J.; Ribeiro, Sandra Maria Lima; Skahan, A; Itzkowitz, L; Dallal, Gerard E.; Rogers, Gary S.; Khodeir, Mona Sameeh

doi:10.1007/s12603-011-0079-4

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In one approach, multiple dilution entails taking a predose blood or urine sample and then allowing a 3‐ to 5‐hour equilibration period following dosing with deuterium oxide and sodium bromide solutions (with longer periods for individuals with expanded ECW, including those with extreme obesity, particularly for ECW determination by bromide dilution 79 ) before a final postdose blood or urine sample is collected. Deuterium enrichment of the biological sample may be determined by isotope ratio mass spectrometry 80 ‐ 82 or Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, 83 and bromide enrichment can be determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography 84 , 85 or nondestructive liquid X‐ray fluorescence 86 . The reader is referred to the International Atomic Energy Agency website resources 87 and the excellent chapter by Schoeller 88 on this topic.…”

Section: Reference Methods For Lean Tissue Assessment In Clinical Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition Tools for Assessment of Adult Malnutrition at the Bedside

Earthman

2015

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

185

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Because of the key role played by the body's lean tissue reserves (of which skeletal muscle is a major component) in the response to injury and illness, its maintenance is of central importance to nutrition status. With the recent development of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition diagnostic framework for malnutrition, the loss of muscle mass has been recognized as one of the defining criteria. Objective methods to evaluate muscle loss in individuals with acute and chronic illness are needed. Bioimpedance and ultrasound techniques are currently the best options for the clinical setting; however, additional research is needed to investigate how best to optimize measurements and minimize error and to establish if these techniques (and which specific approaches) can uniquely contribute to the assessment of malnutrition, beyond more subjective evaluation methods. In this tutorial, key concepts and statistical methods used in the validation of bedside methods to assess lean tissue compartments are discussed. Body composition assessment methods that are most widely available for practice and research in the clinical setting are presented, and clinical cases are used to illustrate how the clinician might use bioimpedance and/or ultrasound as a tool to assess nutrition status at the bedside. Future research needs regarding malnutrition assessment are identified.

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Section: Reference Methods For Lean Tissue Assessment In Clinical Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition Tools for Assessment of Adult Malnutrition at the Bedside

Earthman

2015

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

185

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“…Corrected bromide space was used as the proxy for ECW and calculated using the following formula: corrected bromide space ¼ Br dose/Br elevation in plasma Â 0.90 Â 0.95 Â 0.94, where 0.90 is the correction factor for nonextracellular distribution, 0.95 is the Donnan equilibrium factor and 0.94 is the correction for water content in plasma. 11…”

Section: Extracellular Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

What makes a BIA equation unique? Validity of eight-electrode multifrequency BIA to estimate body composition in a healthy adult population

et al. 2013

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“…We adopted a gold standard to measure the TBW, but not to measure the ECW. Analysis of sodium bromide could give a more detailed information on ECW/TBW, although previous study showed a good agreement between BIVA analysis and isotopes [10]. In addition, we measured TBW only at the end of the program, which did not allow us to discuss the changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Additionally, the use of stable isotopes can identify cell mass integrity by monitoring the extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) ratio. Water, labeled with deuterium, tritium or oxygen-18, has been used to measure TBW [10], and methods such as sodium bromide dilution have been employed to measure ECW [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is important to identify alternative forms to monitor body composition. The analysis of the bioelectrical properties of tissues has been suggested to be a reasonable tool; this kind of analysis can be performed from bioelectrical impedance (BIA), which has been reported to be a practical, non-invasive and easyto-perform [10,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio-Electrical Properties of Body Tissues in Obese Women after a Program Composed by Physical Exercises and Nutrition Education

Melo¹,

Louzada²,

Kehayias³

et al. 2016

F Nutr Reprt

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Aims: To identify changes in bioelectrical properties of body tissues in obese women, after a program composed by physical activity and nutrition education. Methods:We studied 24 women, 30 to 50 years old, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² (obese). The participants were submitted to a 16 weeks program composed by nutrition education (lectures and practical activities, 13 meetings) and physical exercise (walking and resistance exercises, 60 minutes per day, three days per week).Variables investigated: Fat-free mass (FFM) by DEXA; bioelectrical properties of the tissues by bioimpedance vectorial analysis (BIVA); total body water (TBW) by deuterium dilution (only at the end of the program), serum albumin (by colorimetric method).Main results: On average, FFM was reduced, however, the values presented a great individual variability; some of the participants reduced, others maintained or increased FFM; -TBW was considered within normality; -from BIVA analysis, most of the individuals who reduced the fat-free mass showed a poor hydration status. Putting the albumin, TBW and BIVA analysis together, we can indirectly suppose changes in the ratio of extracellular water/total body water in some of the participants. Conclusions:The combination of different analysis of water balance (BIVA, TBW and serum albumin) gave us an indirect inference that our program was not able to prevent imbalances. These imbalances can give an explanation to the fat-free mass losses.

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Water homeostasis, frailty and cognitive function in the nursing home

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Body Composition Tools for Assessment of Adult Malnutrition at the Bedside

Body Composition Tools for Assessment of Adult Malnutrition at the Bedside

What makes a BIA equation unique? Validity of eight-electrode multifrequency BIA to estimate body composition in a healthy adult population

Bio-Electrical Properties of Body Tissues in Obese Women after a Program Composed by Physical Exercises and Nutrition Education

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