Water masses and their circulation off western Iberia during May 1993

Fiúza, António; Hamann, Meike; Ambar, Isabel; Río, Guillermo Díaz del; González, Nieves López; Cabanas, José Manuel Oro

doi:10.1016/s0967-0637(98)00008-9

Cited by 181 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Portuguese coasts are known to be influenced by seasonal upwelling regimes from spring to autumn (Santos et al, 2005), that produce highly productive areas and attract fish (Pauly and Christensen, 1995). South Portuguese estuaries are influenced by surface currents of subtropical origin (Fiuza et al, 1998) that may bring marine species not present in the Bay of Biscay. In the present data set, two subtropical fish species, Diplodus bellottii (Sparidae, Steindachner, 1882) and Monochirus hispidus (Soleidae, Rafinesque, 1814), a Mediterranean species, Symphodus cinereus (Labridae, Bonnaterre, 1788) and ten other species were caught only in Portuguese estuaries.…”

Section: Large Scale Effects: Latitude Versus Continental Shelf Widthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish under influence: A macroecological analysis of relations between fish species richness and environmental gradients among European tidal estuaries

Nicolas

Lobry

Lepage

et al. 2010

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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Estuarine fish assemblages are subject to a great environmental variability that largely depends on both upstream fluvial and downstream marine influences. From this ecohydrological view, our study introduces a macroecological approach aiming to identify the main environmental factors that structure fish assemblages among European tidal estuaries.The present paper focuses on the influence of large scale environmental gradients on estuarine fish species richness. The environment of 135 North-eastern Atlantic estuaries from Portugal to Scotland was characterized by various descriptors especially related to hydromorphology.Major environmental trends among estuaries were underlined using multivariate techniques and cluster analyses applied to abiotic data. In particular, an integrative system size covariate was derived from a principal component analysis. Factors explaining patterns of species richness at different scales from local habitat to regional features were highlighted. Based on generalised linear models, the estuarine system size, and more particularly the entrance width, and also the continental shelf width were identified as the best explanatory variables of estuarine fish species richness at a large scale. Our approach provides a standardized method to estimate the relationship between fish assemblages and environmental factors. This constitutes a first step in assessing estuarine ecological status and studying the effects of additional factors such as anthropogenic disturbances.

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Section: Large Scale Effects: Latitude Versus Continental Shelf Widthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish under influence: A macroecological analysis of relations between fish species richness and environmental gradients among European tidal estuaries

Nicolas

Lobry

Lepage

et al. 2010

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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“…We resorted to water mass studies off the Iberian coast (Fig. 1;Harvey 1982;Fiúza et al 1998), whose definition, from in situ data, coincided with the lower limit of the deeper ENACW straight segment (10.08C, 35.40 psu), that is, ENACW 10 .…”

Section: B Multiparameter Mixing (Omp) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Mediterranean Water Composition

Carracedo

Pardo

Flecha

et al. 2016

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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The Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) spills from the Mediterranean Sea (east North Atlantic basin) west off the Strait of Gibraltar. As MOW outflows, it entrains eastern North Atlantic Central Waters (ENACW) and Intermediate Waters to form the neutrally buoyant Mediterranean Water (MW) that can be traced over the entire North Atlantic basin. Its high salinity content influences the thermohaline properties of the intermediatedeep water column in the North Atlantic and its dynamics. Here, the composition of MW in its source region (the Gulf of Cádiz, west off Strait of Gibraltar) is investigated on the basis of an optimum multiparameter analysis. The results obtained indicate that mixing of MOW (34.1% 6 0.3%) occurs mainly with overlying ENACW (57.1% 6 0.8%) in a process broadly known as central water entrainment. A diluted form (80% of dilution) of the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) reaches the region and also takes part in MW formation (8.3% 6 0.5%). Finally, the underlying Labrador Sea Water (LSW) also contributes (0.4% 6 0.1%) to the characteristics of MW. From these results and considering 0.74 Sverdrups (Sv; 1 Sv [ 10 6 m 3 s 21) as the mean outflow of MOW, the MW exportation rate was inferred (2.2 Sv), which, decomposing MW, means that the MOW outflow is accompanied by 1.24 Sv of entrained ENACW, 0.18 Sv of AAIW, and ,0.01 Sv of LSW.

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“…The latitudinal gradient of nitrate was a manifestation of the regional hydrography characterized by the presence of two subsurface branches of ENACW: a water branch of subpolar origin (ENACWp) to the North, with higher nitrate concentration, and a water branch of subtropical origin (ENACWt) and lower nitrate concentration to the South (Fiuza, 1984;Fiuza et al, 1998;Perez et al, 1993;Rios et al, 1992), which the model was able to reproduce. Another relevant feature known to cause the nitrate latitudinal gradient was the shallower winter vertical mixing in the south (~ 100 m) compared to that in the north (~ 300 m), resulting in a general northward increase in the nitrate concentration (Perez et al, 2005).…”

Section: Meanmentioning

confidence: 99%