Water permeability of bilayer lipid membranes: Sterol-lipid interaction

Graziani, Yosef; Livné, Avinoam

doi:10.1007/bf01867920

Cited by 78 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…(c) The P:/PD, ratios for cortical collecting tubules with ADH are uniformly at least ten times greater than the comparable ratios for bilayer membranes. The latter observation may have wider applicability: the highest P: value reported for unmodified bilayer membranes, approximately 70 x 10 .4 cm per sec at 37~ [17], is about one-fifth of the ADH-dependent P: in cortical collecting tubules at 37~ ( Fig. 2; Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of antidiuretic hormone on water and solute permeation, and the activation energies for these processes, in mammalian cortical collecting tubules

et al. 1977

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Summary. The present studies were designed to assess the ways in which antidiuretic hormone (ADH) alters water and solute permeation across isolated, rabbit cortical collecting tubules. In earlier work, it was observed: that ADH produced a tenfold increment in P/(cm per sec), the osmotic water permeability coefficient, and a fourfold increment in PD~ (cm per sec), the diffusional water permeability coefficient; that small hydrophilic solutes such as urea, thiourea and acetamide (each having oil/water partition coefficients __< 0.0008) had vanishingly low permeation coefficients and unity reflection coefficients, even in the presence of ADH; that lumen to bath osmosis involved a transcellular route; and, that the disparity between Ps and Po~, either with or without ADH, could be rationalized in terms of cellular diffusion constraints, i.e., that water transport across luminal membranes was diffusionat.The present experiments evaluated the effects of ADH on diffusion of moderately lipophilic solutes (e.g., butyramide, isobutyramide, and antipyrine, each solute having an oil/water partition > 0.0008) across luminal membranes of rabbit cortical collecting tubules, and the effects of ADH on the apparent activation energies (EA, kcal per mole) for water and solute permeation across these tubules. Three major results were obtained: (1) ADH produced a 60-100 ~ increase in the permeation rates for these solutes. (2) The ADH-dependent apparent E A for water permeation was 9.35_+0.92 kcal per mole, and the ADH-dependent apparent E A for permeation of moderately lipophilic solutes was in the range 15.8-19.6 kcal per mole. (3) The ADH-independent E A values for these transport processes were statistically indistinguishable from the ADH-dependent E A values.When viewed in the context of transport mechanisms for water and solute permeation across synthetic lipid bilayer membrane systems, these results are consistent with the possibility that diffusion of water and moderately lipophilic solutes across mammalian collecting tubules may involve parallel sites in luminal plasma membranes: routes for water diffusion

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of antidiuretic hormone on water and solute permeation, and the activation energies for these processes, in mammalian cortical collecting tubules

et al. 1977

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“…Stigmasterol is less effective than cholesterol at reducing the permeability of phosphatidylcholine bilayers to glucose, glycerol, and Rb+ (6). Similarly, the effects of stigmasterol and sitosterol on the water permeability of monogalactosyldiglyceride bilayers are distinguishable from those of cholesterol (11). In membrane systems, campesterol, sitosterol, and stigmasterol have been shown to be less effective than cholesterol in protecting membranes from ethanol-induced damage (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are also reports (1,6,11) that plant sterols have different effects in comparison with cholesterol on the permeability properties of model membranes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plant sterols sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol differ structurally from cholesterol only in respect of the side chain on C17. Yet previous reports indicate that stigmasterol and cholesterol have distinguishable effects on the permeability properties of phospholipid bilayers (1,5,6,11 After scanning, the pans were opened. The lipids were removed with chloroform-methanol (2:1 v/v) and phospholipid levels were measured using the method of Fiske and SubbaRow as described by Dittmer and Wells (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Influence of Plant Sterols on the Phase Properties of Phospholipid Bilayers

McKersie¹,

Thompson²

1979

Plant Physiol.

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The effects of stigmasterol, sitosterol, campesterol, and cholesterol on the phase properties of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayers have been compared by differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction. The sterols were equally effective at progressively reducing the cooperativity and the enthalpy of the dipahmitoylphosphatidylcholine phase transition as their concentrations in the bilayer were increased. Moreover, both differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction indicated that the dipalmitoylphosphatidylchoUne transition was eliminated by each of the sterols when they were present at a concentration of 33 mole %. This indicates that the interaction between phosphoUpid and both plant and animal sterols is stoichiometric, each sterol associating with two phosphoUpid molecules. At concentrations above 33 mole % the sterols were no longer completely solvated by the phospholipid, and sterol-sterol interaction resulted. Cholesterol, even at concentrations as high as 50 mole %, did not disrupt the lamellar structure of the bilayer. When these high concentrations of plant sterols were intercalated into the phospholipid, crystalUinity, which presumably derives from sterol-sterol interaction, was detectable in the bilayer by x-ray diffraction. This observation is consistent with previous reports to the effect that the C17 chains of the plant sterols render them less soluble in phosphoUpid than is cholesterol. It is clear that this solvation difference is of insufficient magnitude to affect the stoichiometry of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-sterol interaction, but it could well account for the less effective modulation of Upid bDlayer permeability exhibited by plant sterols in comparison with cholesterol.Sterols are common constituents of biological membranes and have been shown to influence both structural and functional properties of membranes (7). Cholesterol is the major sterol present in mammalian cells (7) but the membranes of plant cells contain a number of sterols including campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, and sometimes small amounts of cholesterol (12,17). Sitosterol and stigmasterol are often the predominant sterols in plant membranes (7,17).Studies with artificial membrane systems have demonstrated that three properties of the sterol molecule allow it to intercalate into phospholipid bilayers: a planar ring structure, a side chain at carbon 17, and a 3 ,B-hydroxyl group (7,13 acid side chains (7). The plant sterols sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol differ structurally from cholesterol only in respect of the side chain on C17. Yet previous reports indicate that stigmasterol and cholesterol have distinguishable effects on the permeability properties of phospholipid bilayers (1,5,6,11). In the present study the basis for this difference has been investigated by comparing the effects of plant sterols and cholesterol on the phase properties of DPPC3 liposomes. Residual solvent was removed in vacuo. The lipid was suspended in 3 ml of 40 mm Trisacetate-100 mm NaCl (pH 7....

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“…Thyroidectomy appeared to have little effect. Cholesterol forms the intrinsic component of the lipid bilayers of cell membranes and regulates the permeability to water (Graziani & Livne, 1972) and polar (White et al, 1975) and non-polar ions (McElhaney, Gier & Vander, 1973). The experimental treatments in this study had little effect on the cholesterol concentration in the uterine horns and cervix at parturition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Uterine enzyme changes in thyroidectomized rats at parturition

Rao¹,

Panda²

1981

Reproduction

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Summary. Rats were thyroidectomized at different stages of gestation and killed at parturition. Acid phosphatase of uterine horns was significantly (P < 0\m=.\05)lower in animals thyroidectomized at later stages of pregnancy, whereas alkaline phosphatase was significantly lower in those thyroidectomized earlier as compared to intact pregnant animals. The activities of glutamic oxaloacetic acid and glutamic pyruvic acid transaminases also showed significant alterations in some of the thyroidectomized animals. These 4 enzymes were also studied in the cervix but the changes showed a less distinct pattern.

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Water permeability of bilayer lipid membranes: Sterol-lipid interaction

Cited by 78 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of antidiuretic hormone on water and solute permeation, and the activation energies for these processes, in mammalian cortical collecting tubules

Effect of antidiuretic hormone on water and solute permeation, and the activation energies for these processes, in mammalian cortical collecting tubules

Influence of Plant Sterols on the Phase Properties of Phospholipid Bilayers

Uterine enzyme changes in thyroidectomized rats at parturition

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