Water repurification via reverse osmosis

Gagliardo, Paul; Adham, Samer; Trussell, R. Rhodes; Olivieri, Adam W.

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(98)00069-1

Cited by 41 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Its application enables the efficient removal of a wide variety of contaminants (i.e., microbial constituents, total dissolved solids, and organic compounds). Feed streams of different qualities (e.g., raw, natural, chemically contaminated or brackish, and seawater) are used to produce high-purity water that is microbiologically safe and biologically stable (15,25). However, the widespread application of this technology is limited because the current generation of RO filtration units experience biofouling problems (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Formation on Reverse Osmosis Membranes Is Initiated and Dominated by Sphingomonas spp

Bereschenko

Stams

Euverink³

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

177

110

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In the water production industry, reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology is a durable, promising, and much-used separation method. Its application enables the efficient removal of a wide variety of contaminants (i.e., microbial constituents, total dissolved solids, and organic compounds). Feed streams of different qualities (e.g., raw, natural, chemically contaminated or brackish, and seawater) are used to produce high-purity water that is microbiologically safe and biologically stable (15,25). However, the widespread application of this technology is limited because the current generation of RO filtration units experience biofouling problems (14). The design of so-called "spiral wound" membrane elements and the conditions at the membrane, feed-side spacer, and other internal surfaces within these RO filters make them prone to microbial attachment and the subsequent formation of biofilm layers. A variety of microorganisms are involved in the development of these surface-attached complex structures after prolonged operation of the RO system, depending on the type and concentration of contaminants in the feed water and the type of pretreatment (5,6,7,32,38). The biofilm occurrence is a principal problem for proper RO system performance. It can lead to blocking of the feed concentrate channel and to clogging of the membrane. Biofilm formation results in an increased energy requirement of the feed water pumps, a lower flux, and a decrease of permeate quality

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Formation on Reverse Osmosis Membranes Is Initiated and Dominated by Sphingomonas spp

Bereschenko

Stams

Euverink³

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

177

110

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“…Results show that both salt content (0.88 mS cm -1 or 0.56 g salt kg -1 FW) and total hardness (0.19 ± 0.12 D°H) in the produced permeates were low, making it a valuable source of high quality water that could potentially be re-used, for example as drinking water or process water. RO-membranes have also been evaluated positively in the past for the elimination of viruses and bacteria from waste water streams (Gagliardo et al 1998;Roeper et al 2007;Tam et. al.…”

Section: Vsep Performance In Water Treatment Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These concentrates may thus be re-used as valuable inorganic fertilizers with high nutrient availability, providing a sustainable substitute for fossil-based mineral fertilizers. Moreover, selective reversed osmosis (RO) membranes (1 nm pore size) can also produce water of relatively high quality that could be discharged or re-used (Gagliardo et al 1998;Roeper et al 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Macronutrients in Water Treatment of Digestate Using Vibrating Reversed Osmosis

Vaneeckhaute

Meers

Michels

et al. 2011

Water Air Soil Pollut

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In the transition from a fossil to a bio-based economy, it has become an important challenge to maximally recuperate and recycle valuable nutrients coming from manure and digestate processing. Membrane filtration is a suitable technology to separate valuable nutrients in easily transportable concentrates which could potentially be re-used as green fertilizers, in the meantime producing high quality water. However, traditional membrane filtration systems often suffer technical problems in waste stream treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Vibratory Shear Enhanced Processing (VSEP) in the removal of macronutrients (N, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg) from the liquid fraction of digestates, reducing their concentrations down to dischargeable/re-usable water. In addition, the re-use potential of VSEP-concentrates as sustainable substitutes for fossil-based mineral fertilizers was evaluated. Removal efficiencies for N and P by two VSEP filtration steps were high, though not sufficient to continuously reach the Flemish legislation criteria for discharge into surface waters (15 mg N l -1 and 2 mg P l -1 ).Additional purification can occur in a subsequent lagoon, yet further optimization of the VSEP filtration system is advised. Furthermore, concentrates produced by one membrane filtration step showed potential as N-K fertilizer with an economic value of € 6.3 ± 1.1 ton -1 Fresh Weight (FW).Further research is, however, required to evaluate the impact on crop production and soil quality by application of these new potential green fertilizers.

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“…Membrane technologies, particularly reverse osmosis (RO), play an essential role in water treatment and purification as they enable efficient removal of a wide variety of contaminants (eg total dissolved solids, organic compounds and microorganisms) and offer a high-product water quality (Malleviale et al 1996;Gagliardo et al 1998). Because of the several applications of RO, which include drinking water and wastewater purification, as well as industrial and deionized water production and desalination, an increasing amount of research focusing on the improvement of RO systems has been carried out mainly as an optimization cost strategy (Valavala et al 2011;Drioli & Macedonio 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological support media influence the bacterial biofouling community in reverse osmosis water reclamation demonstration plants

Ferrera

Mas

Taberna³

et al. 2015

Biofouling

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The diversity of the bacterial community developed in different stages of two reverse osmosis (RO) water reclamation demonstration plants designed in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Tarragona (Spain) was characterized by applying 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The plants were fed by secondary treated effluent to a conventional pretreatment train prior to the two-pass RO system. Plants differed in the material used in the filtration process, which was sand in one demonstration plant and Scandinavian schists in the second plant. The results showed the presence of a highly diverse and complex community in the biofilms, mainly composed of members of the Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in all stages, with the presence of some typical wastewater bacteria, suggesting a feed water origin. Community similarities analyses revealed that samples clustered according to filter type, highlighting the critical influence of the biological supporting medium in biofilm community structure.

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Water repurification via reverse osmosis

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Biofilm Formation on Reverse Osmosis Membranes Is Initiated and Dominated by Sphingomonas spp

Biofilm Formation on Reverse Osmosis Membranes Is Initiated and Dominated by Sphingomonas spp

Fate of Macronutrients in Water Treatment of Digestate Using Vibrating Reversed Osmosis

Biological support media influence the bacterial biofouling community in reverse osmosis water reclamation demonstration plants

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