Water Resources

Raymondi, Rick R.; Cuhaciyan, Jennifer E.; Glick, Patty; Capalbo, Susan M.; Houston, Laurie; Shafer, Sarah L.; Grah, Oliver

doi:10.5822/978-1-61091-512-0_3

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The Willamette Valley, with its diverse (and specialty) set of crop and livestock activities and Mediterranean climate, deserves further attention as it has distinct challenges with nutrient management (Lin et al, 2019). Western North America produces large amounts of fruits, vegetables, and other specialty crops (e.g., nursery crops, trees, grasses) while also supporting large urban populations; protecting and improving water quality, especially under changing hydrology related to climate change (Raymondi et al, 2013; VanRheenen et al, 2003), throughout the region requires more long‐term explorations of nutrient dynamics. Our work builds on previous studies of the WRB showing little change in river TN and TP fluxes between 1973 and 2003 (Fuhrer et al, 1996; Wise, 2007) despite changes in land use, major increases in population, and high groundwater nitrate concentrations in parts of the WRB valley floor (Hinkle et al, 2001; Hoppe et al, 2014; Kite‐Powell & Harding, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where Have All the Nutrients Gone? Long‐Term Decoupling of Inputs and Outputs in the Willamette River Watershed, Oregon, United States

et al. 2020

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Better documentation and understanding of long-term temporal dynamics of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in watersheds is necessary to support effective water quality management, in part because studies have identified time lags between terrestrial nutrient balances and water quality. We present annual time series data from 1969 to 2012 for terrestrial N and P sources and monthly data from 1972 to 2013 for river N and P for the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, United States. Inputs to the watershed increased by factors of 3 for N and 1.2 for P. Synthetic fertilizer inputs increased in total and relative importance over time, while sewage inputs decreased. For N, increased fertilizer application was not matched by a proportionate increase in crop harvest; N use efficiency decreased from 69% to 38%. P use efficiency increased from 52% to 67%. As nutrient inputs to terrestrial systems increased, river concentrations and loads of total N, total P, and dissolved inorganic P decreased, and annual nutrient loads were strongly related to discharge. The N:P ratio of both sewage and fertilizer doubled over time but there was no similar trend in riverine export; river N:P concentrations declined dramatically during storms. River nutrient export over time was related to hydrology and waste discharge, with relatively little influence of watershed balances, suggesting that accumulation within soils or groundwater over time is mediating watershed export. Simply managing yearly nutrient balances is unlikely to improve water quality; rather, many factors must be considered, including soil and groundwater storage capacity, and gaseous loss pathways. Plain Language Summary Too much nitrogen and phosphorus in fresh and coastal waters can cause problems for human, animal, and ecosystem health. For this reason, many entities have been working to reduce the amount of both nutrients entering waterways. In this study, we examine how sources of nitrogen and phosphorus on land have changed over 40+ years in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, United States, and then compare these changes to water quality trends in the river. We found that sources of both nutrients increased over time, especially nitrogen fertilizer. Between 1969 and 2012, wastewater treatment was more effective at removing phosphorus than nitrogen. Changes in fertilizer use and sewage treatment have caused the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to increase over time. In contrast, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the river has decreased, and there was no drastic change in the water nutrient ratio over time. The disconnect between nutrient sources on land and what is observed in the river over time suggests that a large part of the nitrogen and phosphorus used on land is being transferred to the soil, air, or groundwater. Simply managing yearly nutrient balances is unlikely to improve water quality; rather, many factors must be considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where Have All the Nutrients Gone? Long‐Term Decoupling of Inputs and Outputs in the Willamette River Watershed, Oregon, United States

et al. 2020

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“…Increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and wildfires, disrupt water supply systems and escalate the risk of water contamination. Rising temperatures contribute to changing precipitation patterns, affecting the availability of water resources (Arnell, 1999;Raymondi et al, 2013). Africa: African nations are highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change on water resources.…”

Section: Climate Change and Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Water Policy and Management: Comparing the Usa and Africa

Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu,

Adedayo Adefemi,

Olushola Babatunde Ayorinde

et al. 2024

Eng. sci. technol. j.

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This research paper conducts a comparative analysis of water policies and management in the United States (USA) and Africa, aiming to distill insights, challenges, and recommendations for global water governance. Examining both regions' historical development, institutional frameworks, and critical challenges reveals diverse approaches to water scarcity, infrastructure, and climate change. The USA's well-established institutions and regulatory frameworks contrast Africa's complex governance landscape, highlighting the need for context-specific solutions. Recommendations emphasize strengthening governance, inclusive stakeholder engagement, and climate change resilience. Recognizing the importance of international collaboration, the paper proposes knowledge exchange and capacity-building initiatives. Ultimately, this research contributes valuable lessons for policymakers, stakeholders, and communities worldwide, fostering a collaborative vision for sustainable water futures. Keywords: Water Policies, Water Management, Comparative Analysis, Governance, International Collaboration.

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“…Since hydropower is only one of the many authorized purposes from federal dams , change in the volume and timing of water allocated for these various demands can have an impact on future hydropower generation. Some recent studies have suggested that climate change effects on competing water demands may reduce the available water for hydropower generation (Raymondi et al 2013), and climate warming will likely increase irrigation demands over a longer growing season (Brown et al 2013). The ways that existing water rights may affect competing water demand is another factor of consideration.…”

Section: Indirect Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Second Assessment of the Effects of Climate Change on Federal Hydropower

Kao

Ashfaq

Naz

et al. 2016

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Hydropower is a key contributor to the US renewable energy portfolio due to its established development history and the diverse benefits it provides to the electric power system. Ensuring the sustainable operation of existing hydropower facilities is of great importance to the US renewable energy portfolio and the reliability of electricity grid. As directed by Congress in Section 9505 of the SECURE Water Act (SWA) of 2009 (Public Law 111-11), the US Department of Energy (DOE), in consultation with the federal Power Marketing Administrations (PMAs) and other federal agencies, has prepared a second quinquennial report on examining the potential effects of climate change on water available for hydropower at federal facilities and on the marketing of power from these federal facilities. This Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Technical Memorandum, referred to as the 9505 assessment, describes the technical basis for the report to Congress that was called for in the SWA.vi Alisha Fernandez and Rose B. Raney provided the technical editing for this report. Brennan T.

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Water Resources

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Where Have All the Nutrients Gone? Long‐Term Decoupling of Inputs and Outputs in the Willamette River Watershed, Oregon, United States

Where Have All the Nutrients Gone? Long‐Term Decoupling of Inputs and Outputs in the Willamette River Watershed, Oregon, United States

Review of Water Policy and Management: Comparing the Usa and Africa

The Second Assessment of the Effects of Climate Change on Federal Hydropower

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