Water Scarcity in Wetland Area within Kandi Block of West Bengal: A Hydro-Ecological Assessment

Pal, Swadesh; Akoma, Osondu Christopher

doi:10.4314/ejesm.v2i3.48260

Cited by 50 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…However; wetlands in the world are degrading at an accelerated rate, more than other ecosystems critically disturbing their biodiversity. Due to their fast squeezing rate, some of the permanent wetlands have been transformed into semipermanent or temporary wetlands with groundwater table falling down rapidly [12]. Lakes and wetlands, located in areas with exhaustive agriculture, are being gradually enriched with nitrogen and phosphorus, resulting in eutrophication of these shallow habitats [13], causing increase in their productivity [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of key plant nutrients (N & P) in hokersar, a typical wetland of Kashmir Himalaya, India

Shah¹,

Pandit²,

Shah³

2015

J Environ Eng Ecol Sci

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Hokersar wetland suffers highly due by nutrient inputs from the catchment area, internal wetland processes and various types of anthropogenic pressures around. To characterize nutrient dynamics of the wetland, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) samples were collected from six study sites in the Queen wetland of Kashmir Himalaya for a period of one year from Sep. 2012 to Aug. 2013. Clear spatial and temporal variations were observed among the recorded parameters (ammonical nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total orthophosphate phosphorus and total phosphorus) throughout the year. Ammonical nitrogen concentration was found to be maximum in winter (242.3±10.1 µg/L). Lower nitrate nitrogen was observed in summer, recording 259.6±35.3 µg/L. Both the forms of phosphorus registered higher values in summer and lower values in winter. Scatter plot showed highly significant values among all the parameters (R²=0.748 and 0.719). Principal component analysis showed highest principle component vector displacement among the sites IV and VI reflecting polluted nature of the sites. Further, higher Eigen-vector displacement values were due to ammonical nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, registering values 3.36724 and 0.542639 respectively. Similarity matrix was highest between total phosphorus and ammonical nitrogen (92.9666%), followed by ammonical nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen making 58.5729%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of key plant nutrients (N & P) in hokersar, a typical wetland of Kashmir Himalaya, India

Shah¹,

Pandit²,

Shah³

2015

J Environ Eng Ecol Sci

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“…The study reveals that the health status of the wetland ecosystems in the Mursidabad district has declined from 2013 to 2020. Natural and anthropogenic factors are the driving forces, which are responsible for the fragmentation of the wetlands and lead to degradation of wetland ecosystem health in the Mursidabad district [43,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Health Using the Pressure–State–Response (PSR) Model: A Case Study of Mursidabad District of West Bengal (India)

Das¹,

Pradhan

Shit³

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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Wetlands are essential for protein production, water sanctification, groundwater recharge, climate purification, nutrient cycling, decreasing floods and biodiversity preservation. The Mursidabad district in West Bengal (India) is situated in the floodplain of the Ganga–Padma and Bhagirathi rivers. The region is characterized by diverse types of wetlands; however, the wetlands are getting depredated day-by-day due to hydro-ecological changes, uncontrolled human activities and rapid urbanization. This study attempted to explore the health status of the wetland ecosystem in 2013 and 2020 at the block level in the Mursidabad district, using the pressure–state–response model. Based on wetland ecosystem health values, we categorized the health conditions and identified the blocks where the health conditions are poor. A total of seven Landsat ETM+ spaceborne satellite images in 2001, 2013 and 2020 were selected as the data sources. The statistical data included the population density and urbanization increase rate, for all administrative units, and were collected from the census data of India for 2001 and 2011. We picked nine ecosystem indicators for the incorporated assessment of wetland ecosystem health. The indicators were selected considering every block in the Mursidabad district and for the computation of the wetland ecosystem health index by using the analytical hierarchy processes method. This study determined that 26.92% of the blocks fell under the sick category in 2013, but increased to 30.77% in 2020, while the percentage of blocks in the very healthy category has decreased markedly from 11.54% to 3.85%. These blocks were affected by higher human pressure, such as population density, urbanization growth rate and road density, which resulted in the degradation of wetland health. The scientific protection and restoration techniques of these wetlands should be emphasized in these areas.

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“…Global coverage of Land Surface Temperature (LST) can be derived from series of satellites like Landsat, Terra and Aqua with higher spatial resolutions (Zhu, Lu, and Jia 2013). The transformation of vegetated areas to build up (Mallick, Kant, and Bharath 2008) and conversion of wetland and marshland into agricultural cultivation land or bare waste land (Pal and Akoma 2009) plays vigorous role in LST increase. The other causative factors responsible for urbanization increase in correlation with climate change (Mustafa et al 2018).…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use/land cover and land surface temperature analysis in Wayanad district, India, using satellite imagery

et al. 2020

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This paper assesses Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) classification and Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Wayanad district during the years 2004 and 2018. The LULC classification of Wayanad district is identified using IRS P6 (Linear Imaging Self Scanner) LISS-III, and LST using thermal band of (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) ETM+ imageries. Maximum likelihood classification (MLC) technique is opted to categorize six land-use features: water body, paddy field, forest, dense, agricultural crops and built-up. From 2004 to 2018, impacts of changes in features are correlated with the raised LST. Overall vegetation cover shows an increasing pattern during the study period. The water bodies in Wayanad district improved from 4.30 to 32.68 sq.km due to construction of two dams: Banasurasagar and Karappuzha. However, agricultural crops and paddy field area have decreased by 4.7% in last 14 years. Decreasing rate of agricultural crops can be directly linked to population growth, thereby developing various built-up zones for basic needs. Forest and dense vegetated cover area are increased nearly 2.3 and 3.0%, respectively, during the study period, while bamboo degradation has also been witnessed from 2008 to 2013. The built-up class shows growth from 1.48 to 5.69% of total land area during 2004 and 2018. LULC have noticeable influences on LST with a negative correlation between vegetation cover and LST with a decrease of 1.75 o C. The study findings can help the local authorities to implement urban planning regulations for public awareness and policy makers for a sustainable planning and management in forthcoming years.

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Water Scarcity in Wetland Area within Kandi Block of West Bengal: A Hydro-Ecological Assessment

Cited by 50 publications

References 4 publications

Dynamics of key plant nutrients (N & P) in hokersar, a typical wetland of Kashmir Himalaya, India

Dynamics of key plant nutrients (N & P) in hokersar, a typical wetland of Kashmir Himalaya, India

Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Health Using the Pressure–State–Response (PSR) Model: A Case Study of Mursidabad District of West Bengal (India)

Land use/land cover and land surface temperature analysis in Wayanad district, India, using satellite imagery

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