Water-soluble conductive polymer homogeneous immunoassay (SOPHIA) A novel immunoassay capable of automation

Gold–conductive polymer nanoparticles: A hybrid material with enhanced photonic reactivity to environmental stimuli

“…Like poly(aniline) films [23,24], the optical spectrum of water-soluble PANI-COOH changes dramatically as a function of pH [1,7,18]. A progressive protonation of the watersoluble polymer induces a progressive decrease in intensity of the 310-nm absorption band corresponding to the π-π * transition and of the 560-nm band corresponding to the emeraldine base.…”

“…The PANI-COOH solution was synthesized by oxidizing a solution of 2-aminobenzoic acid in 1 M HCl with ammonium persulfate and ferric chloride, as previously described [7].…”

“…From the optical density at the λ max , the solution was estimated to contain 6 × 10 11 particles per milliliter [21]. After oxidative polymerization and extraction [7], the PANI-COOH aqueous solution used for encapsulation was chromatographed by HPLC on a size exclusion column. As shown in Fig.…”

“…For instance, the exquisite sensitivity of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorbance of gold and silver nanocolloids to increases in refractive index at the particle surface has been advantageously applied to the real-time monitoring of ligand-receptor interactions in both liquid and solid phases [3][4][5][6]. Similarly, the chromic transitions experienced by water-soluble conductive polymers linked to antibodies or receptors upon biomolecular recognition of their cognate ligand, resulting from the responsiveness of their electronic structure respectively to localized redox changes or departure from coplanarity [1], has been successfully applied in homogeneous immuno-and receptor assays [7,8]. Therefore, the idea of combining both materials into a composite nanocolloid has been tempting.…”

Bionic Ears: Their Development and Future Advances Using Neurotrophins and Inherently Conducting Polymers

“…In parallel, the rapid advances in ICP processing and device fabrication are particularly pertinent to the field of bionics. The ability to generate ICPs in aqueous solution (Englebienne and Weiland 1996) or as aqueous dispersions (Barisci et al 1999) that can be used to fabricate structures of different sizes, shape and configurations is important for the biomaterials engineer. Such solutions and dispersions can then be used to create patterned 2-dimensional surfaces using traditional methods such as ink-jet printing, or to create 3-dimensional (3D) structures using electrospinning techniques.…”