Water-Soluble dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and dicarbonyls in the atmospheric aerosols over the southern ocean and western pacific ocean

Wang, Haobo; Kawamura, Kimitaka; Yamazaki, Koji

doi:10.1007/s10874-006-1479-4

Cited by 99 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The predominance of oxalic acid in Nainital aerosols is consistent with previous studies from urban, coastal marine and remote marine aerosols (Kawamura and Sakaguchi, 1999;Wang et al, 2006b), because this smallest diacid is a final product of the photochemical chain oxidations of aromatic hydrocarbons, isoprene, ethylene, and acetylene (Ervens et al, 2004) and may also be directly contributed from fossil fuel combustion (Kawamura and Kaplan, 1987) and biomass burning (Narukawa et al, 1999). During the winter period, oxalic acid concentrations were 393 ± 78 ng m −3 and 313 ± 88 ng m −3 for day and night, respectively.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Total Diacids Oversupporting

confidence: 91%

Seasonal variations of water-soluble organic carbon, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls in Central Himalayan aerosols

Hegde

Kawamura

2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosol samples were collected from a high elevation mountain site (Nainital, India; 1958 m a.s.l.) in the central Himalayas, a location that provides an isolated platform above the planetary boundary layer to better understand the composition of the remote continental troposphere. The samples were analyzed for water-soluble dicarboxylic acids (C 2 -C 12 ) and related compounds (ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls), as well as organic carbon, elemental carbon and water soluble organic carbon. The contributions of total dicarboxylic acids to total aerosol carbon during wintertime were 1.7 % and 1.8 %, for day and night, respectively whereas they were significantly smaller during summer. Molecular distributions of diacids revealed that oxalic (C 2 ) acid was the most abundant species followed by succinic (C 4 ) and malonic (C 3 ) acids. The average concentrations of total diacids (433±108 ng m −3 ), ketoacids (48±23 ng m −3 ), and α-dicarbonyls (9±4 ng m −3 ) were similar to those from large Asian cities such as Tokyo, Beijing and Hong Kong. During summer most of the organic species were several times more abundant than in winter. Phthalic acid, which originates from oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene, was found to be 7 times higher in summer than winter. This feature has not been reported before in atmospheric aerosols. Based on molecular distributions and air mass backward trajectories, we conclude that dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in Himalayan aerosols are derived from anthropogenic activities in the highly populated Indo-Gangetic plain areas.

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Section: Concentrations Of Total Diacids Oversupporting

confidence: 91%

Seasonal variations of water-soluble organic carbon, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls in Central Himalayan aerosols

Hegde

Kawamura

2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Although LMW diacids can be emitted from primary sources such as vehicular exhausts (Kawamura and Kaplan, 1987), biomass burning (Legrand and de Angelis, 1996;Narukawa et al, 1999), cooking (Schauer et al, 2002) and natural marine sources (Rinaldi et al, 2011), they are mainly produced from the atmospheric photooxidation of various organic precursors (Kawamura and Gagosian, 1987;Stephanou, 1992;Kawamura and Sakaguchi, 1999) most likely in the aqueous aerosol phase (e.g., Sorooshian et al, 2006;Carlton et al, 2007;Ervens et al, 2008. LMW dicarboxylic acids and related compounds can contribute to 0.2-1.8 % of total carbon (TC) in urban Tokyo (Kawamura and Ikushima, 1993) and up to 16 % of TC in remote marine aerosols (Kawamura and Sakaguchi, 1999;Wang et al, 2006b).…”

Section: K Kawamura Et Al: Water-soluble Diacids Ketoacids and α-Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

High abundances of water-soluble dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls in the mountaintop aerosols over the North China Plain during wheat burning season

et al. 2013

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Aerosol (TSP) samples were collected at the summit of Mount Tai (elevation: 1534 m a.s.l., 36.25° N, 117.10° E) located in the North China Plain using a high-volume air sampler and pre-combusted quartz filters. Sampling was conducted on day/night or 3 h basis in the period from 29 May to 28 June 2006 during the field burning of wheat straw residue and the post-burning season. The filter samples were analyzed for low-molecular-weight dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls using capillary gas chromatography (GC) and GC-MS employing water extraction and butyl ester derivatization. Molecular distributions of dicarboxylic acids (C₂-C₁₁, 220–6070 ng m⁻³) were characterized by a predominance of oxalic (C₂) acid (105–3920 ng m⁻³) followed by succinic (C₄) or malonic (C₃) acid. Unsaturated aliphatic diacids, including maleic (M), isomaleic (iM) and fumaric (F) acids, were also detected together with aromatic diacids (phthalic, isophthalic and terephthalic acids). ω-oxocarboxylic acids (C₂-C₉, 24–610 ng m⁻³) were detected as the second most abundant compound class with the predominance of glyoxylic acid (11–360 ng m⁻³), followed by α-ketoacid (pyruvic acid, 3–140 ng m⁻³) and α-dicarbonyls (glyoxal, 1–230 ng m⁻³ and methylglyoxal, 2–120 ng m⁻³). We found that these levels (>6000 ng m⁻³ for diacids) are several times higher than those reported in Chinese megacities at ground levels. The concentrations of diacids increased from late May to early June, showing a maximum on 7 June, and then significantly decreased during the period 8–11 June, when the wind direction shifted from southerly to northerly. Similar temporal trends were found for ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls as well as total carbon (TC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC). The temporal variations of water-soluble organics were interpreted by the direct emission from the field burning of agricultural wastes (wheat straw) in the North China Plain and the subsequent photochemical oxidation of volatile and semi-volatile organic precursors emitted from field burning as well as dark ozonolysis of volatile organic compounds and other organics, accretion reactions and oxidation of nonvolatile organics such as unsaturated fatty acids. This study demonstrates that the field burning of agricultural wastes in early summer strongly influenced the air quality of the free troposphere over the North China Plain

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“…This assumption is used because the CCN and water uptake properties of adipic acid (Table 1) have been widely studied (e.g. Bilde and Svenningsson, 2004;Broekhuizen et al, 2004;Corrigan and Novakov, 1999;Cruz and Pandis, 1997;Ervens et al, 2004;Hori et al, 2003;Joutsensaari et al, 2001;Prenni et al, 2001;Raymond and Pandis, 2002;Shulman et al, 1996) and adipic acid has been observed in the atmosphere (Grosjean et al, 1978;Kawamura and Yasui, 2005;Wang et al, 2006), and because some of its physico-chemical properties lie within a range of values from organic molecules.…”

Section: Simulations Of Organicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of organic compounds on the growth rate of cloud droplets in marine and forest settings

Shantz

Leaitch

Phinney³

et al. 2008

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Organic matter represents an important fraction of the fine particle aerosol, yet our knowledge of the roles of organics in the activation of aerosol particles into cloud droplets is poor. A cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) counter is used to examine the relative growth rates of cloud droplets for case studies from field measurements on the North Pacific Ocean and in a coniferous forest. A model of the condensational growth of water droplets, on particles dissolving according to their solubility in water, is used to simulate the initial scattering of the droplets as they grow in the CCN counter. Simulations of the growth rates of fine particles sampled in the marine boundary layer of the North Pacific Ocean shows no evidence of natural marine organic material contributing to the CCN water uptake but there is an indication of an influence from organics from diesel ship emissions on the size distribution of sulphate and the ability of these particles to act as CCN. Simulations of the observations of water uptake on biogenic organic aerosol particles sampled in a coniferous forest indicate an impact of the organic on the water uptake rates, but one that is still smaller than that of pure sulphate. The existence of organics becomes important in determining the water uptake as the organic mass increases relative to sulphate. The values of the organic component of the hygroscopicity parameter κ that describes the CCN activity were found to be negligible for the marine particles and 0.02-0.05 for the forest particles.

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Water-Soluble dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and dicarbonyls in the atmospheric aerosols over the southern ocean and western pacific ocean

Cited by 99 publications

References 46 publications

Seasonal variations of water-soluble organic carbon, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls in Central Himalayan aerosols

Seasonal variations of water-soluble organic carbon, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls in Central Himalayan aerosols

High abundances of water-soluble dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls in the mountaintop aerosols over the North China Plain during wheat burning season

The effect of organic compounds on the growth rate of cloud droplets in marine and forest settings

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