Water Stress: Morphological and Anatomical Changes in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Plants

Abstract

Water stress is one of the most important physiological stress factors that adversely affect soybeans in many critical aspects of their growth and metabolism. Soybean's growth, development and productivity are severely diminished, when soil or cell water potential becomes inadequate to sustain metabolic functioning. However, little has been done to gather comprehensive information regarding the specific changes that occur in waterstressed plants at the anatomical and morphological level. In this study, deviations in root growth, shoot growth, stomatal conductance, yield components and anatomical features are reported. Treatments with two levels of water stress imposed by reducing irrigation (once in 7 days or once in 15 days) revealed that, all cultivars (Dundee, LS 677, LS 678, TGx 1740-2F, TGx 1835-10E and Peking) were highly susceptible to prolonged water stress, exhibiting severe dehydration and death. A 15.0 and 30.0% survival frequency was obtained in plants irrigated once in 7 days; LS 677 and Peking, respectively. Unlike many other stresses, water deficit did not only affect the density of stomata, but, photosynthesis was affected by the lower levels of tissue CO 2. These results suggest that, balanced biochemical, physiological, anatomical and morphological regulations are necessary for increased growth and yields in soybean.

Foliar Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Promotes Drought Stress Tolerance in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

“…Therefore, our results indicated that drought stress has deleterious effects on eggplant nutritional contents, however, exogenous ZnO NP is involved in alleviating these negative impacts. Previous investigations have depicted that ZnO NP could increase macro- and micronutrients in pinto beans [ 82 ] and sorghum [ 25 ]. In addition to the improvements in membrane stability and plant water status, the improved eggplant nutritional status by exogenous ZnO NP makes eggplant able to attenuate the impacts of DI stress on its growth and productivity.…”

Effect of Hormonal Seed Priming on Germination, Growth, Yield and Biomass Allocation in Soybean Grown under Induced Drought Stress

“…The two irrigation regimes were conducted by withholding water, where well-watered soybean plants served as a positive control. Water stress was imposed by watering the plants to saturation once in 6-days for moderate stress and once in 9-days for severe stress until they reached late V5 stage when blooming starts for plants used for biomass analysis and at R7 stage for yield analysis (Mangena, 2018). In order to evaluate drought-related characteristics, parameters including plant biomass (for leaves, stems and roots), mean number of branches, flowering and fruit set were analysed.…”

Role of Benzyladenine Seed Priming on Growth and Physiological and Biochemical Response of Soybean Plants Grown under High Salinity Stress Condition

“…Soybean is one of the most important pulse crops and generally considered highly sensitive to salinity stress. is crop contains high amounts of proteins (45%), oils (28%), carbohydrates (12%), saturated fatty acids (12%), and unsaturated fatty acids (24%) and serves as a major potential source for biodiesel production [3,4]. Amirjani [5] reported a reduction in various growth and yield parameters of soybean resulting from the accumulation of Na + and Cl − ions in plant tissues.…”