Water usage and productivity of Boro rice at the field level and their impacts on the sustainable groundwater irrigation in the North-West Bangladesh

Mainuddin, Mohammed; Maniruzzaman, Md.; Alam, Md. Mahbubul; Mojid, M. A.; Schmidt, Erik; Islam, Majedul; Scobie, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106294

Cited by 42 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…So, the farmers have the liberty to irrigate as and when necessary. Due to high rainfall in 2016–17, the irrigation requirements was much lower [ 53 ] requiring less pumping of water to the rice fields. So the irrigation cost was much lower in 2016–17 than that of 2015–16.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other management factors such as suitable planting time, good quality seed, appropriate planting density, and balanced fertilizers are also important to maximize rice yield [ 63 ]. Rice yield was also related to the adequacy of irrigation application and operation mode of irrigation wells [ 53 ]. Of all the constraints on Boro rice cultivation, timely application of adequate irrigation water is the most important one, as rice is very sensitive to water deficit [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, there is usually adequate water for timely irrigation of fields using DTW’s. Mainuddin et al [ 53 ] compared crop water requirement with irrigation supply of the same fields and found that DTW irrigated fields were generally oversupplied while STW fields were undersupplied in some locations. STW pumps have a smaller discharge capacity ( Table 1 ) and use suction or centrifugal pumps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2016–17 the transplanting period was shorter; 14 January to 18 February. Date of transplanting affected the yield of rice [ 53 ]. In general, delay in transplanting resulted in reduction in actual yield for BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29, however not for Hybrid and other rice varieties of these fields [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Yield, profitability, and prospects of irrigated Boro rice cultivation in the North-West region of Bangladesh

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The North-West (NW) region of Bangladesh is pivotal for the country’s agricultural development, mainly in producing irrigated Boro rice. However, increasing cost of irrigation water, fertilizers, labour and other inputs, and the spatio-temporal variation in actual yield, market price and profitability of rice, have added uncertainty to the sustainability of Boro rice cultivation. In this study, we evaluated the productivity, profitability, and prospect of Boro rice production using comprehensive field data collected directly from 420 farmers’ fields over two consecutive seasons (2015–16 and 2016–17), across seven geographically distributed locations in the NW region. We also analyzed the risk and return trade of popular Boro rice cultivars using Monte-Carlo simulation. The results show that there were significant (p≤0.05) variations in rice yield between sites, irrigation pump-types, and rice varieties, with Hybrid rice and BRRI dhan29 producing highest yields (6.0–7.5 t/ha). Due to different pricing systems, the cost of irrigation water varied from site to site and from year to year, but always comprised the highest input cost (20–25% of total production). The total paid-out cost, gross benefit, and gross income of rice significantly (p≤0.05) differed between sites, type of irrigation pumps, rice varieties, transplanting dates, and two cropping years. The variations in observed yield and profitability reveal considerable scope to improve rice production systems. Market variation in the price of rice affected overall profitability significantly. Probability and risk analysis results show that Minikit and BRRI dhan29 are the most stable varieties for yield and profitability. Hybrid rice, which has the maximum attainable yield among the cultivated rice varieties, also has the risk of negative net income. Based on the analysis, we discussed ways to improve yield and profitability and the prospect of Boro rice cultivation in the region. The study provides valuable information for policy-makers to sustain irrigated rice cultivation in both the NW region and nationally.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Yield, profitability, and prospects of irrigated Boro rice cultivation in the North-West region of Bangladesh

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While deep drainage of water to the groundwater is not a loss, pumping irrigation water is costly and if there is an increased requirement that will decrease profitability of rice crops. On the other hand, where there is significant runoff loss of rainwater, increased deep drainage may boost the storage of water in groundwater or replenish depleted groundwater reserves [142,143]. There is still a lack of detailed studies on net water requirement and water balance under different crop establishment methods [92] There may also be negative effects of increased deep drainage on nutrient balance in rice-based cropping systems.…”

Section: Sandy Loammentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Establishment Techniques and Their Implications for Soil Properties, Global Warming Potential Mitigation and Crop Yields

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rice-based intensive cropping systems require high input levels making them less profitable and vulnerable to the reduced availability of labor and water in Asia. With continuous conventional puddled rice transplanting, the situation is exacerbated by damaged soil structure, declining underground water and decreasing land and water productivity. To minimize these negative effects a range of new crop establishment practices have been developed (zero tillage, dry direct seeding, wet direct seeding, water seeding, strip planting, bed planting, non-puddled transplanting of rice, mechanical transplanting of rice crop and combinations thereof) with varying effects on soil health, crop productivity, resource saving and global warming mitigation potential. Some of these allow Conservation Agriculture (CA) to be practiced in the rice-based mono-, double- and triple cropping systems. Innovations in machinery especially for smallholder farms have supported the adoption of the new establishment techniques. Non-puddling establishment of rice together with increased crop residue retention increased soil organic carbon by 79% and total N (TN) in soil by 62% relative to conventional puddling practice. Rice establishment methods (direct seeding of rice, system of rice intensification and non-puddled transplanting of rice) improve soil health by improving the physical (reduced bulk density, increased porosity, available water content), chemical (increased phosphorus, potassium and sulphur in their available forms) and biological properties (microbiome structure, microbial biomass C and N) of the soil. Even in the first year of its practice, the non-puddled transplanting method of rice establishment and CA practices for other crops increase the productivity of the rice-based cropping systems. Estimates suggest global warming potential (GWP) (the overall net effect) can be reduced by a quarter by replacing conventional puddling of rice by direct-seeded rice in the Indo-Gangetic Plains for the rice-based cropping system. Moreover, non-puddled transplanting of rice saves 35% of the net life cycle greenhouse gases (GHGs) compared with the conventional practice by a combination of decreasing greenhouse gases emissions from soil and increasing soil organic carbon (SOC). Though the system of rice intensification decreases net GHG emission, the practice releases 1.5 times greater N2O due to the increased soil aeration. There is no single rice establishment technology that is superior to others in all circumstances, rather a range of effective technologies that can be applied to different agro-climates, demography and farm typologies.

show abstract

A farming system typology for the adoption of new technology in Bangladesh

Sarker

Galdos

Challinor

et al. 2021

Food and Energy Security

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last three decades, few studies have been conducted to tackle the complexity and heterogeneity of Bangladesh farming systems. We address these research gaps with a new survey. Accordingly, a survey was conducted in North‐Western Bangladesh to understand how socio‐economic traits influence technology adoption and to identify and characterize key farm types. The survey was based on farm household characteristics, farm structure, farming practices and livestock as well as the economic performance of the farm. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to establish the different farm typologies, and the data set based on 27 variables was carefully analysed. The findings confirmed that the key variables that significantly affect the adoption of new agricultural technologies relate to age, farming experience, level of education of the household head, income, access to markets, land ownership, the proportion of hired labour, savings, food self‐sufficiency and income from off‐farm activities. Four main farm types were identified in the study area based on resource endowment and livelihood orientation. These are (1) well‐resourced farmers entirely dependent on agriculture and less reliant on off‐farm activities; (2) moderately resourced households, which are headed by an older male with greater farming experience and which are engaged in both on‐farm and off‐farm activities; (3) resource‐constrained households with cattle as the main livestock and with income generated by the sale of livestock products; and (4) severely resource‐constrained households which are headed by young farmers/men and where income is generated by off‐farm activities. These four farm categories represent the heterogeneity of farms in North‐West Bangladesh, and it is hoped that the development of this farm household typology will help particularly the extension service, to set up appropriate extension advice that will benefit the farming community.

show abstract

Water usage and productivity of Boro rice at the field level and their impacts on the sustainable groundwater irrigation in the North-West Bangladesh

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

Yield, profitability, and prospects of irrigated Boro rice cultivation in the North-West region of Bangladesh

Yield, profitability, and prospects of irrigated Boro rice cultivation in the North-West region of Bangladesh

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Establishment Techniques and Their Implications for Soil Properties, Global Warming Potential Mitigation and Crop Yields

A farming system typology for the adoption of new technology in Bangladesh

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About