Water Use Efficiency, Irrigation Management and Nitrogen Utilization in Rice Production in the North of Iran

Ashouri, Majid

doi:10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.003

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…While, it recorded significantly higher yield than irrigation once every 13-14 days and irrigation once every 16-17 in aerobic rice (Murali, 2009). Grain yield was statistically the same under 8 days intervals and continuous flooding however, water consumption decreased by about 18% under 8 days interval, but the lowest grain yield were of 11 days interval (Ashouri, 2012 andAshouri, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Enhancing Irrigation Water Productivity of Rice Using Irrigation Intervals, Transplanting Methods and Weed Control in North Nile Delta

El-Naby

Mahmoud²

2018

Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering

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Water is the main limiting factor for agricultural expansion in arid and semi-arid regions as well as Egypt. So two field experiments were carried out during 2015 and 2016 summer season at the experimental farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Egypt to enhance water productivity of rice using irrigation intervals, transplanting methods and weed control treatments. Strip split-plot design with three replicates was used in infested weedy soils. Irrigation intervals were in the horizontal plots, it was irrigate every three days as a farmer practices (I 1), every six days (I 2) and every nine days (I 3). Transplanting methods were located in vertical plots contained; transplanting in flat soil as a traditional method (M 1) and transplanting in bottom of raised-bed (M 2). While weed control treatments were assigned in sub-plots, it was penoxsulam (Granite) 24% SC (W 1), penoxsulam + orthosulfamuron 50% WG (Kelion) (W 2), thiobencarb50% EC (Citron) fb penoxsulam (W 3), weedy check (W 4) and hand weeding twice (W 5). Results showed that treatment of I 1 was the best in weed management, rice dry weight, number of panicles/m 2 , number of filled grain/panicle, 1000-grain weight and grain yield. Irrigation treatments of I 2 and I 3 saved about 20.7 % and 29.9 % of irrigation water compared to I 1 , while the highest productivity of irrigation water (PIW) were recorded by treatment of I 2 compared to I 1 and I 3. The lowest fresh and dry weights of total weeds and the highest values of rice dry weight, number of panicles/m 2 , number of filled grains/panicle, 1000-grain weight were recorded by M 1 as compared to M 2 , in addition rice grain yield of M 1 was increased by 7.1 % compared to M 2 as mean of the two growing seasons. Transplanting method of M 2 saved about 21.2 % of irrigation water and increased PIW by 18.4 % compared to M 1. The best weed management beside the highest values of number of panicles/m 2 , number of filled grain/panicle, 1000-grain and grain yield of rice were obtained by W 3 compared to rest weed control treatments and it take the descending order W 3 > W 5 = W 2 > W 1 > W 4 in the two seasons of study. The interaction of I 2 X M 1 X W 3 was superior treatment for rice grain yield. But, under shortage of water, increasing irrigation water productivity of rice could be achieved by the superior interaction of I 2 X M 2 X W 3 because it resulted in the highest irrigation water productivity of rice to be 0.98 kg m-3 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Enhancing Irrigation Water Productivity of Rice Using Irrigation Intervals, Transplanting Methods and Weed Control in North Nile Delta

El-Naby

Mahmoud²

2018

Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering

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“…About 75% of the global rice volume is produced conventionally in irrigated lowland systems under continuously flooded (CF) conditions [12][13][14][15]. In Tanzania, about 90% of rice is grown under continuous flooding, a practice that requires large amounts of water with less productivity [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity of Paddy Rice with Water-Saving Irrigation and Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilization

et al. 2021

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Rice production in Tanzania, with 67% of its territory considered semi-dry and having average annual rainfall of 300 mm, must be increased to feed an ever-growing population. Water for irrigation and low soil fertility are among the main challenges. One way to decrease water consumption in paddy fields is to change the irrigation regime for rice production, replacing continuous flooding with alternate wetting and drying. In order to assess the impact of different irrigation regimes and nitrogen fertilizer applications on growth, yield, and water productivity of rice, a greenhouse pot experiment with soil from lowland rice ecology was conducted at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania during the 2019 cropping season. The experiment was split-plot based on randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and 3 replications. Water regimes were the main factors comparing continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) with nitrogen fertilizer levels as the subfactor, comparing absolute control (no fertilizer) with 0 (P and K fertilizers), 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg Nha−1. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) significantly improved water productivity by 8.3% over CF (p < 0.05). Water productivity (WP) ranged from 0.6 to 1.5 kg of rice per m3 of water. Average water use ranged from 36 to 82 L per season, and water saving was up to 34.3%. Alternate wetting and drying significantly improved yields (p < 0.05) by 13.3%, and the yield ranged from 21.8 to 118.2 g pot−1. The combination of AWD water management and 60 kg N ha−1 nitrogen fertilization application was found to be the optimal management, however there was no significant difference between 60 and 90 kg N ha−1, in which case 60 kg N ha−1 is recommended because it lowers costs and raises net income. Nitrogen levels significantly affected water productivity, water use, and number of irrigations. Nitrogen levels had significant effect (p < 0.05) on plant height, number of tillers, flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, total tillers, number of productive tillers, panicle weight, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, straw yield, grain yield, and grain harvest index. The results showed that less water can be used to produce more crops under alternative wetting and drying irrigation practices. The results are important for water-scarce areas, providing useful information to policy makers, farmers, agricultural departments, and water management boards in devising future climate-smart adaptation and mitigation strategies.

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“…Drought stress leads to decreased plant yield, as water plays a key role in achieving maximum yield in rice plant. Ashouri (2014) argued flooding irrigation had the highest seed yield, while an 11-day drought stress was associated with the lowest yield. In addition, Roost et al (2004) indicated the application of intermittent irrigation, is able to significantly reduce water use, without causing a decrease in yield or a small percentage of decrease in yield.…”

Section: Seed Yieldmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Impact of Different Intermittent Irrigation Management and Planting Distances on Yield and Yield Components of Rice Plant in Northern Iran

et al. 2021

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In this study, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with three iterations, for two years, in Gilan province (Iran), to investigate the impact of periodic irrigation and different planting distances on yield and yield components of rice plant. The irrigation was performed at five levels, I1, daily flooding irrigation (control treatment) and I2, I3, I4 and I5, every 5, 8, 10, and 15-days, respectively, as the main factor. Meanwhile, the planting distances were at four levels (S1: 20 × 20, S2: 25 × 25, S3: 15 × 30, and S4: 20 × 30 cm) as the sub factor. The simple effects of irrigation, as well as planting distance on all traits except harvest index, were significant at the level of 1%. In addition, the interaction of irrigation and planting distance on seed yield, plant height, number of seeds per panicle, biological yield, and water use were also significant at the level of 1%. The 20 × 20 planting distance resulted in the best conditions for the rice plant at different stress severities, thus, a 20 × 20 planting distance is appropriate in order to achieve good yield. Meanwhile, of the irrigation levels, 5-day irrigation led to the highest yield. The 5-day irrigation produced higher yield compared to flooding irrigation, and is therefore suitable for achieving higher yields as well as for water conservation, a major agricultural problem.

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Water Use Efficiency, Irrigation Management and Nitrogen Utilization in Rice Production in the North of Iran

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

Enhancing Irrigation Water Productivity of Rice Using Irrigation Intervals, Transplanting Methods and Weed Control in North Nile Delta

Enhancing Irrigation Water Productivity of Rice Using Irrigation Intervals, Transplanting Methods and Weed Control in North Nile Delta

Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity of Paddy Rice with Water-Saving Irrigation and Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilization

The Impact of Different Intermittent Irrigation Management and Planting Distances on Yield and Yield Components of Rice Plant in Northern Iran

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