Waterproof lithium metal anode enabled by cross-linking encapsulation

Xiao, Ye; Xu, Rui; Yan, Chong; Liang, Yeru; Ding, Jun‐Fan; Huang, Jia‐Qi

doi:10.1016/j.scib.2020.02.022

Cited by 63 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…To increase the air tolerance of Li metal, various methods have been proposed to fabricate isolation layers. Polymers or composite materials, such as poly(tetramethylene ether glycol) (PTMEG)‐Li/Sn, [ 20 ] wax–poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), [ 21 ] poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)–hexafluoropropylene (HFP), [ 22 ] paraffin wax, [ 23 ] poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), [ 24 ] polyphosphoric ester (PPE)–Li 3 PO 4 , [ 25 ] and (Li 2 O) m (Al 2 O 3 ) n –LiF [ 26 ] were coated on Li metal via solution methods, and the derived modified layers were usually on the micron‐meter scale, sacrificing both actual volumetric and gravimetric energy densities of Li metal electrodes. Nanoscale modification layers, such as h‐BN, [ 27 ] ZrO 2 , [ 28 ] and Al, [ 29 ] are usually fabricated by chemical vapor deposition, atomic‐layer deposition, or magnetron sputtering, which are costly and unsuitable for large‐scale industrial processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Metal Electrode with Increased Air Stability and Robust Solid Electrolyte Interphase Realized by Silane Coupling Agent Modification

et al. 2021

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The quality of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer is the decisive factor for the electrochemical performance of Li‐metal‐based batteries. Due to the absence of effective bonding, a natural SEI layer may exfoliate from the Li anode during interfacial fluctuations. Here, a silane coupling agent is introduced to serve as an adhesion promoter to bridge these two dissimilar materials via both chemical bonding and physical intertwining effects. Its inorganic reactive groups can combine with the Li substrate by forming LiOSi bonds, while organic functional groups can take part in the formation of the SEI layer and thereby bond with SEI components. Li metal electrodes with silane coupling agent modification exhibit excellent electrochemical performance, even under extreme testing conditions. This modification layer with dense structure could also protect the Li metal from corrosion by air, evidenced by the comparable electrochemical activity of the modified Li metal electrodes even after being exposed in air for 2 h. This design provides a promising pathway for the development of Li metal electrodes that will be stable both in electrolyte and in air.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Metal Electrode with Increased Air Stability and Robust Solid Electrolyte Interphase Realized by Silane Coupling Agent Modification

et al. 2021

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“…The methods used to form the PL include blade casting, [ 91,98,99 ] and spin‐coating, [ 86,100,101 ] which are simple and low‐cost. Of these, spin‐coating ( Figure a) is an effective method to prepare a thin and uniform film by dropping the slurry on a substrate on a rotating plate.…”

Section: How To Prepare a Protective Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Xiao et al. [ 99 ] prepared a PVDF–HFP compact polymer layer on the surface of lithium metal while heating it. Due to the intrinsic hydrophobicity caused by the low‐surface‐energy fluorinated chains and the compact microstructure produced by heat‐assisted cross‐linking, such polymer‐encapsulated LMA exhibited impressive resistance to moisture and water, hardly tarnishing after 48 h in a humid atmosphere with a 30% RH or even after being dipped in water for 10 min.…”

Section: Recent Progress In Advanced Protective Layer Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Protective Layer for Lithium Metal Anode: Why and How

et al. 2021

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Lithium metal is the most promising candidate anode material for high energy density batteries, but its high activity and severe dendrite growth lead to safety concerns and limit its practical use. Constructing a protective layer (PL) on the lithium surface to avoid the side reactions and stabilize the electrode‐electrolyte interface is an effective approach to solve these problems. In this review, the recent progress on PLs is summarized, and their desired properties and design principles are discussed from the aspects of materials selection and the corresponding fabrication methods. Advanced PLs with different properties are then highlighted, including a self‐adjusting feature to increase structural integrity, the synergistic effect of organic and inorganic hybrids to improve mechanical properties and ionic conductivity, the use of embedded groups and ion diffusion channels to regulate ion distribution and flux, and a protective barrier to suppress corrosion from humid air or water. Finally, the remaining challenges and the possible solutions for PL design in future studies are proposed.

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“…Polymers have high molecular modulus and high flexibility, providing the interphases with ability to buffer volume change of Li anode. Therefore, various polymers have been applied to construct protective interphases on Li anodes [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]. Especially, the polymers with polar groups can conduct Li + via the phys-ical interactions between the Li cation and polar groups.…”

Section: Polymer Interphasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial interphases enable dendrite-free Li-metal anodes

Zhang

et al. 2021

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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Waterproof lithium metal anode enabled by cross-linking encapsulation

Cited by 63 publications

References 51 publications

Lithium Metal Electrode with Increased Air Stability and Robust Solid Electrolyte Interphase Realized by Silane Coupling Agent Modification

Lithium Metal Electrode with Increased Air Stability and Robust Solid Electrolyte Interphase Realized by Silane Coupling Agent Modification

A Protective Layer for Lithium Metal Anode: Why and How

Artificial interphases enable dendrite-free Li-metal anodes

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