Wave energy convertors (WEC): A review of the technology and power generation

Amir, Mohamad Abu Ubaidah; Sharip, Rina Mohd; Muzanni, Muhammad Akmal; Anuar, Hardy Azmir

doi:10.1063/1.4965220

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A WEC named "the Penguin" was developed and trialed by Wello Ltd; it used a mechanically based PTO to generate electricity [90]. The technique used in this device is the rotating mass concept, which drives an electrical generator.…”

Section: Kw 12i [88]mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Power Take-Off Wave Energy Technology Leading to the Conceptual Design of a Novel Wave-Plus-Photon Energy Harvester for Island/Coastal Communities’ Energy Needs

et al. 2022

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As the global interest in renewable energy generation continues, the need to develop new and innovative solutions is being explored every day throughout the world by researchers and innovators. Hybrid renewable energy innovations are gaining progressive interest not only because of the threat of climate change but also due to the technological advancements seen in renewables. Ocean waves have immense potential as a renewable energy source, and related technologies have advanced continuously over the past few decades. In response, this paper extensively studies wave energy converters (WECs) based on the power take-off (PTO) technique, and presents a novel hybrid wave-plus-photon energy (HWPE) harvester called Wavevoltaics, based on wave and solar energy capture systems for coastal communities’ power needs, in line with decarbonization measures. The HWPE harvester uses a simple rack-and-pinion mechanism in combination with solar cell technology to convert the wave energy into usable electrical energy in a water column structural design. This novel HWPE device can be used to provide power for lighting and gadgets for coastal communities that rely heavily on fossil fuels for their lighting and electrical needs. Later in the paper, the challenges faced in hybrid wave energy development are presented.

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Section: Kw 12i [88]mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Power Take-Off Wave Energy Technology Leading to the Conceptual Design of a Novel Wave-Plus-Photon Energy Harvester for Island/Coastal Communities’ Energy Needs

et al. 2022

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“…More than thousand wave energy converter (WEC) patents have been registered since 1980 (Amir et al 2016) and more than hundred wave power pilot projects have been installed over the past few years (ITTC 2014). Outstanding review papers on wave energy converter are available in Khan et al (2017) and Ahamed et al (2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Latching Control System on the Power Performance of a Wave Energy Converter Characterized by Gearbox, Flywheel, and Electrical Generator

Avalos

Shadman

Estefen

2021

J. Marine. Sci. Appl.

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The latching control represents an attractive alternative to increase the power absorption of wave energy converters (WECs) by tuning the phase of oscillator velocity to the wave excitation phase. However, increasing the amplitude of motion of the floating body is not the only challenge to obtain a good performance of the WEC. It also depends on the efficiency of the power take-off system (PTO). This study aims to address the actual power performance and operation of a heaving point absorber with a direct mechanical drive PTO system controlled by latching. The PTO characteristics, such as the gear ratio, the flywheel inertia, and the electric generator, are analyzed in the WEC performance. Three cylindrical point absorbers are also considered in the present study. A wave-to-wire model is developed to simulate the coupled hydro-electro-mechanical system in regular waves. The wave energy converter (WEC) performance is analyzed using the potential linear theory but considering the viscous damping effect according to the Morison equation to avoid the overestimated responses of the linear theory near resonance when the latching control system is applied. The latching control system increases the mean power. However, the increase is not significant if the parameters that characterize the WEC provide a considerable mean power. The performance of the proposed mechanical power take-off depends on the gear ratio and flywheel. However, the gear ratio shows a more significant influence than the flywheel inertia. The operating range of the generator and the diameter/draft ratio of the buoy also influence the PTO performance.

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“…Both mechanical and hydraulic PTO can be applied to the three-tether WEC. There are many WEC applied mechanical PTO [17][18][19]. Mechanical PTO generated energy by the wave converter directly into electricity by rotating a generator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Mooring Rope Tension in Mechanical and Hydraulic Power Take-Off of Wave Energy Converter

Nam

Sung²,

Cho

2021

Sustainability

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The InWave wave energy converter (WEC), which is three-tether WEC type, absorbs wave energy via moored cylindrical buoys with three ropes connected to a terrestrial power take-off (PTO) through a subsea pulley. In this study, a simulation study was conducted to select a suitable PTO when designing a three-tether WEC. The mechanical PTO transfers energy from the buoy to the generator using a gearbox, whereas the hydraulic PTO uses a hydraulic pump, an accumulator, and a hydraulic motor to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The hydraulic PTO has a lower energy conversion efficiency than that of the mechanical PTO owing to losses resulting from pipe friction and the individual efficiencies of the hydraulic pumps and motors. However, the efficiencies mentioned above are not the efficiency of the whole system. The efficiency of the whole system should be analyzed considering the tension of the rope and the efficiency of the generator. In this study, the energy conversion efficiencies of the InWave WEC installed the mechanical and hydraulic PTO devices are compared, and their behaviors are analyzed through numerical simulations. The mechanics of mechanical and hydraulic PTO applied to InWave are mathematically expressed, and the issues of the elements constituting the PTO are explained. Finally, factors to consider for PTO selection are presented.

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Wave energy convertors (WEC): A review of the technology and power generation

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

A Critical Review of Power Take-Off Wave Energy Technology Leading to the Conceptual Design of a Novel Wave-Plus-Photon Energy Harvester for Island/Coastal Communities’ Energy Needs

A Critical Review of Power Take-Off Wave Energy Technology Leading to the Conceptual Design of a Novel Wave-Plus-Photon Energy Harvester for Island/Coastal Communities’ Energy Needs

Application of the Latching Control System on the Power Performance of a Wave Energy Converter Characterized by Gearbox, Flywheel, and Electrical Generator

Effective Mooring Rope Tension in Mechanical and Hydraulic Power Take-Off of Wave Energy Converter

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