We develop a first-principles approach to define the communicability between two nodes in a time-varying network with memory. The formulation is based on the time-fractional Schrödinger equation, where the fractional (of Caputo type) derivative accounts for the memory of the system. Using a time-varying Hamiltonian in the tight-binding formalism we propose the temporal communicability as the product of Mittag-Leffer functions of the adjacency matrices of the temporal snapshots. We then show that the resolvent- and exponential-communicabilities of a network are special cases of the new one when perfect (resolvent) or imperfect (exponential) memory are considered for the system. By using theoretical and empirical evidence we show that real-world systems works out of perfect memory, and with a trade off of memory-dependent temporal communication and imperfect memory spatial transmission of information. We illustrate our results with the study of trophallaxis interactions in two ant colonies.