Waveform Selection For Multi-Band Multistatic Radar Networks

Abstract

This study investigates the benefits of waveform selection by exploiting multiple illuminators of opportunity (IO) in hybrid radar systems consisting of multi-band receivers which can utilise active radar transmitters and broadcasting signals for bistatic radar sensing. As a performance metric, Cramér-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) on velocity and range estimations are considered. Considering that TV and radio broadcasting stations usually emit high power signals, they are suitable for passive sensing as IOs. Therefore, FM radio, Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) and Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) transmitters are considered for passive radar operations while also having an active radar transmitter in the multistatic radar network. Multistatic radar networks comprising receivers, transmitter and IOs transmitting the aforementioned waveforms are modelled and optimum selection of bistatic pairs are studied based on CRLBs on range and velocity estimations. Two different multistatic radar network scenarios are simulated and the results are evaluated to analyse the estimation accuracy of active and passive bistatic pairs in the network. The results show that multi-band multistatic radar network provides better range and velocity estimations and may also mitigate the adverse effects of jamming by exploiting broadcasting waveforms compared to a radar network which only considers radar transmitters for sensing.

Improved Target Localization in Multiwaveform Multiband Hybrid Multistatic Radar Networks

“…For instance, the standard deviation of bistatic range measurements using FM radio signals was shown to be 120-567 m in [17]. Our previous study on bistatic CRLBs and multistatic radar networks also presented that 180-1500 m bistatic range estimation accuracy can be achieved via FM radio signals depending on the SINR and the bistatic geometry [15].…”

“…As a consequence, both the bistatic geometry and waveform parameters significantly impact the CRLBs, hence range and velocity estimation accuracies. Closed-form equations of geometry-related FIM derivatives were given in [15], [31], therefore they are not given here for the sake of brevity. Waveform related parts of the FIM were derived and given for LFM waveform in [35], OFDM signals in [36] and FM radio signals in [37].…”

“…Since multiple waveforms, i.e., LFM, DVB-T, DAB, and FM radio signals, are utilized by receivers, a simulation model of the multistatic radar network is necessary to evaluate the estimation accuracies of Tx-Rx pairs. We previously evaluated range and velocity estimation accuracies in multi-waveform hybrid multistatic radar networks in [15], where CRLBs on the range and velocity estimations were used as performance metrics. Moreover, based on the model established in [15], the impact of the jamming in multi-waveform multistatic radar networks was also investigated [7].…”

“…We previously evaluated range and velocity estimation accuracies in multi-waveform hybrid multistatic radar networks in [15], where CRLBs on the range and velocity estimations were used as performance metrics. Moreover, based on the model established in [15], the impact of the jamming in multi-waveform multistatic radar networks was also investigated [7].…”

Jamming Effects on Hybrid Multistatic Radar Network Range and Velocity Estimation Errors

“…It has been shown that the bistatic CRLBs can be expressed in the form of a product which is separable into solely geometry dependent and waveform dependent parts. The FIM for Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) [6], Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (SFM) [7], and Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) [8] waveforms have been found and using these, the Root Cramér-Rao lower bounds (RCRLB) on range and velocity estimations were found and analysed for different multistatic scenarios in [9].…”