Waveguide polarization-independent optical circulator

Sugimoto, N.; Shintaku, Toshihiro; Tate, Akiyuki; Terui, H.; Shimokozono, Makoto; Kubota, Eishi; Ishii, M.; Inoue, Y.

doi:10.1109/68.748233

Cited by 64 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…24 Year Since this early experimental work, there have been continuing efforts to demonstrate high-performance waveguide Faraday rotators and polarizing elements. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] The best performance of an on-chip integrated isolator and circulator has been demonstrated by Sugimoto et al in a silica platform. 29 Their isolator uses input and output thin-film polarizers (Lamipol) which are inserted into diced grooves through the waveguide and are oriented to transmit TE light.…”

Section: Previous Work On Isolators and Circulatorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Hybrid-integrated optical isolators and circulators

Fujita¹,

Gerhardt²,

Eldada³

2002

SPIE Proceedings

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Magneto-optics is an area that is uniquely enabling for the production of non-reciprocal components such as optical isolators and circulators. The concepts behind the non-reciprocity include nonreciprocal polarization rotation (Faraday rotation) and nonreciprocal phase shift. A magneto-optic material that is magnetized in the direction of propagation of light acts as a Faraday rotator. An asymmetric magneto-optic waveguide that is magnetized perpendicular to the propagation direction acts as a nonreciprocal phase shifter. Both effects can be utilized to realize nonreciprocal devices. Today, commercial isolators and circulators are strictly bulk components, and as such they constitute the only type of optical component that is not available in integrated form. However, the technology for integrated nonreciprocal devices has been maturing and is expected to have a considerable impact in the communication industry by enabling the integration of complete optical subsystems. We report on the development of integrated optical isolators and circulators that consist of polymer-based planar interferometers with inserted thin films of cerium-substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet (Ce-YIG) for efficient Faraday rotation, and thin films of LiNbO 3 for wave-retarders that enable polarizationindependent operation.

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Section: Previous Work On Isolators and Circulatorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…30 It is realized on the same platform and with the same optical components, but a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with directional couplers is used instead of a straight waveguide. The details of this design will be discussed in the next section.…”

Section: Previous Work On Isolators and Circulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid-integrated optical isolators and circulators

Fujita¹,

Gerhardt²,

Eldada³

2002

SPIE Proceedings

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“…12a. 18 By having the two wave plates on opposite sides of the Faraday rotator and at a 45° angle between their slow axes, constructive and destructive interference in forward and backward propagation direction is achieved, respectively. Another design that resembles the functionality of the microoptical isolators and circulators is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Hybrid Integration For Magneto-opticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid integrated photonic components based on a polymer platform

Eldada

2003

SPIE Proceedings

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We report on a polymer-on-silicon optical bench platform that enables the hybrid integration of elemental passive and active optical functions. Planar polymer circuits are produced photolithographically, and slots are formed in them for the insertion of chips and films of a variety of materials. The polymer circuits provide interconnects, static routing elements such as couplers, taps, and multi/demultiplexers, as well as thermo-optically dynamic elements such as switches, variable optical attenuators, and tunable notch filters. Crystal-ion-sliced thin films of lithium niobate are inserted in the polymer circuit for polarization control or for electro-optic modulation. Films of yttrium iron garnet and neodymium iron boron magnets are inserted in order to magneto-optically achieve non-reciprocal operation for isolation and circulation. Indium phosphide and gallium arsenide chips are inserted for light generation, amplification, and detection, as well as wavelength conversion. The functions enabled by this multi-material platform span the range of the building blocks needed in optical circuits, while using the highest-performance material system for each function. We demonstrated complex-functionality photonic components based on this technology, including a metro ring node module and a tunable optical transmitter. The metro ring node chip includes switches, variable optical attenuators, taps, and detectors; it enables optical add/drop multiplexing, power monitoring, and automatic load balancing, and it supports shared and dedicated protection protocols in two-fiber metro ring optical networks. The tunable optical transmitter chip includes a tunable external cavity laser, an isolator, and a high-speed modulator.

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“…An integrated waveguide isolator design has been previously proposed 3 which is based upon a micro-optic design by Sugimoto et al 4 The design was polarization-independent and consisted of nonreciprocal ͑Faraday͒ rotators, reciprocal ͑half-wave plate͒ rotators, and 3 dB couplers in a MachZehnder configuration. The proposed waveguide isolator used InP waveguides, which would be ideal for monolithic integration.…”

Section: Faraday Rotation In An Inp Waveguidementioning

confidence: 99%

Faraday rotation in an InP waveguide

Zaman¹,

Guo²,

Ram³

2007

Applied Physics Letters

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Waveguide Faraday rotation was demonstrated in an InP waveguide with magnetic dopants. The modal Verdet coefficient was 10°∕mmT at a wavelength of 1.55μm. It was found that the Verdet coefficient of the Fe:In1−xGaxAsyP1−y (x=0.290, y=0.628) core was 12.5°∕mmT at a wavelength of 1.55μm. The Verdet coefficient dependence on wavelength is in agreement with theory. The loss of the waveguide was 4.34dB∕cm, giving a magneto-optic figure of merit of 23 at a magnetic field of 1T and a wavelength of 1.55μm. This semiconductor waveguide shows promise for monolithically integrated optical isolators.

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Waveguide polarization-independent optical circulator

Cited by 64 publications

References 7 publications

Hybrid-integrated optical isolators and circulators

Hybrid-integrated optical isolators and circulators

Hybrid integrated photonic components based on a polymer platform

Faraday rotation in an InP waveguide

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