Wavelengths and Energy Levels for the Zn I Isoelectronic Sequence Sn20+ Through U62+

Relativistic atomic data for EUV and X-ray lines in the highly charged Zn-like ions from Yb40+ to U62+

“…These experimental values were obtained from laser-produced plasma experiments [9] or from the Livermore EBIT [14][15][16][17]. In Fig.…”

“…In these latter works, it was pointed out that available calculations for these ions [6][7][8][9] featured different isoelectronic trends with slopes (relative to the experimental trend) pointing up or down. In fact, only semi-empirically corrected results of the HULLAC code calculations by Brown et al [9] and of a semi-empirical analysis by Curtis [18] were in relatively good agreement with the measurements. Unfortunately, such semi-empirically corrected calculations have a very limited predictive power.…”

“…More recently, accurate measurements were performed at the Livermore electron beam ion trap (EBIT) for some transitions in the X-ray spectra of highly charged Zn-like ions Os XLVII, Yb XLI, W XLV, Au L, Pb LIII, Bi LIV, Th LXI, and U LXIII [14][15][16][17]. In these latter works, it was pointed out that available calculations for these ions [6][7][8][9] featured different isoelectronic trends with slopes (relative to the experimental trend) pointing up or down. In fact, only semi-empirically corrected results of the HULLAC code calculations by Brown et al [9] and of a semi-empirical analysis by Curtis [18] were in relatively good agreement with the measurements.…”

“…These calculations, motivated by the fact that experimental data corresponding to these ionization stages had been published [3][4][5], were extended to heavier elements (up to W XLV) along the sequence by Biémont [2] using a fully relativistic multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock (MCDF) approach. High ionization degrees were also considered in some other works using the relativistic randomphase approximation (RRPA) [6], the multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock (MCDF) approach [7,8], the multiconfiguration relativistic random-phase approximation (MCRRPA) [8], the Hebrew University Livermore Laboratory Atomic Code (HULLAC) [9], and the relativistic multireference many-body perturbation (MR-MP) method [10], but these studies were restricted to a limited number of transitions and ions.…”

“…Experimental wavelengths for high Z (Z P 70) elements were measured in plasmas produced by very powerful lasers like NOVA and OMEGA [9,[11][12][13]. More recently, accurate measurements were performed at the Livermore electron beam ion trap (EBIT) for some transitions in the X-ray spectra of highly charged Zn-like ions Os XLVII, Yb XLI, W XLV, Au L, Pb LIII, Bi LIV, Th LXI, and U LXIII [14][15][16][17].…”