Ways of being and expressivity

Abstract

In this paper, I present a hermeneutic version of ontological pluralism, addressing the question of the discursive articulation of ways of being. The first section presents the notion of a pluralism of ways of being as a restriction of an ontological monism. The second section puts forward a criticism of Kris McDaniel’s proposal of understanding ways of being as kinds of quantifiers. The third section analyses the notion of way of being as a modal concept, explaining ways of being as internal possibilities endowed with a normative force regarding the identity-conditions of entities. The fourth one is a statement about the need of developing a pluralist account of the propositional reference to entities based on ontological pluralism. The fifth section deals with the issue of the discursive articulation of ways of being. The two last sections present a hypothesis concerning a semantic condition for an adequate articulation of ways of being. I argue for a kind of finitude-sensitivity in the semantics of the discursive articulation of internal possibilities, which implies the requirement of developing a hermeneutic notion of silence that may properly work in the discursive articulation of ways of being.

Para onde nos conduz o giro prático na filosofia da matemática contemporânea? A de outro modo talvez improvável convergência de José Ferreirós e Martin Heidegger

“…Além destes, Heidegger também destaca o modo de ser da vida (Leben), que confere identidade ontológica para tudo aquilo que é organicamente vivo e da consistência (Bestand), modo de ser dos entes formais. Por reconhecer diversos modos de ser irredutíveis Heidegger foi mais recentemente (MCDANIEL, 2017;MCMANUS, 2013;REIS, 2020) considerado como subscrevendo o pluralismo ontológico, que em contextos variados é desdobrado em diferentes direções (por exemplo, em um curso posterior Heidegger elucida o modo de ser da vida, embora não o faça em Ser e Tempo). Curiosamente, o modo de ser da consistência não foi desdobrado, e, dadas as múltiplas proximidades entre as posições, talvez os resultados ontológicos resultantes de uma filosofia da matemática prático-orientada possam exatamente ser enxertados junto ao programa da ontologia fundamental.…”

Ferramenta Quebrada ou Existência Desordenada? O Problema da Enfermidade Mental na Fenomenologia Existencial

“…Ontological pluralism names a thesis according to which there are several and irreducible ways of being, and not only different objects (McDaniel, 2009). Concerning Heidegger's version of ontological pluralism, a way of being can be said as providing different criteria of determination, identity, and individuation of entities (Reis, 2020). As irreducible to each other, different ways of being constrain specific patterns of intentional relationships toward different entities, and Heidegger expressly identifies at least five ways of being, namely, existence (Existenz), readiness-to-hand (Zuhandenheit), presence-at-hand (Vorhandenheit), consistence (Bestand), and life (Leben), which are nonetheless not fully developed in the context of Being and Time.…”