Ways to Say No: Refusal Skill Strategies Among Urban Adolescents

Abstract

Objectives: To examine associations among adolescents' generated verbal strategies (ie, Simple No, Declarative Statements, Excuse, Alternatives) and underlying nonverbal assertiveness in 2 refusal situations: smoking and shoplifting. Methods: Sixth-grade urban minority students (N = 454) participated in videotaped role-play assessments of peer refusal skills. Results: Differences were found by situation with students demonstrating greater use of Simple No in the smoking refusal and Alternatives in the shoplifting refusal. Nonverbal assertiveness was similar across situations and was associated with Declarative Statements, but only in the smoking refusal. Conclusions: Prevention programs should tailor refusal skills practice to cover multiple situations.

Gender Differences in Responses to Sexual Coercion

“…Prevention programs that expand to include skill-building about healthy sexual communication and boundaries show promise in preventing the full continuum of sexual aggression (Carmody, 2005;Heppner, Humphrey, Hillenbrand-Gunn, & DeBord, 1995;Nichols, Graber, Brooks-Gunn, & Botvin, 2006). For example, Muehlenhard, Andrews, and Beal (1996) identified that females who communicated early in the interaction about sexual boundaries were more likely to be believed.…”

Avaliação Do Repertório De Habilidades Sociais De Usuários De Substâncias Psicoativas Em Tratamento

“…However, there are national surveys that show an association between better performance in SSI factor F1 and involvement with certain substances, such as crack (SCHNEIDER; ANDRETTA, 2017b; SÁ; DEL PRETTE, 2014) and tobacco (RONDINA et al, 2013(RONDINA et al, , 2015. There are also other studies that have shown an inverse association between smoking and assertiveness (NICHOLS et al, 2006;EPSTEIN et al, 2000).…”

Social Skills and Nicotine Dependence in Undergraduate Smokers

“…O conjunto dos resultados denota controvérsia, no tocante à associação entre tabagismo e o comportamento assertivo em geral. Em alguns trabalhos, adolescentes com baixa assertividade apresentaram mais probabilidade de serem tabagistas (Epstein, et al 2000;Nichols, et al 2006). No trabalho de Suelves e Sanches-Turet, (2001) não foi encontrada associação entre tabagismo e essa habilidade.…”

“…É crescente o número de estudos enfocando (entre outros aspectos) a relação entre repertório de habilidades sociais e o aparecimento e/ou progressão de transtornos relacionados ao abuso de drogas lícitas e ilícitas (Epstein, Griffin, & Botvin, 2000;Nichols, Graber, Brooks-Gunn, & Botvin, 2006;Palos, Barrera, Martinez, Oviedo, & Oca, 2009;Wagner & Oliveira, 2009). Supõe-se ainda, que déficits em habilidades sociais possam tornar o indivíduo predisposto ou vulnerável à dependência de substâncias psicoativas em geral, pois, como Pinho e Oliva (2007) afirmam: muitos dependentes percebem a si mesmos como incapazes de lidar com situações sociais de conflito.…”