Weaning piglets as a model for studying pathophysiology of diarrhea

Nabuurs, M.J.A.

doi:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694967

Cited by 93 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In young pigs, the large intestine is incompletely developed and may not be capable of absorbing enough fluid to prevent clinical diarrhea and dehydration (Nabuurs, 1998). A component of boiled white rice recently identified and named the rice factor has been shown to block the secretory response of intestinal crypt cells to cAMP in guinea pigs (MacLeod et al, 1995;Mathews et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet composition on postweaning colibacillosis in piglets123

Montagné¹,

Cavaney²,

Hampson³

et al. 2004

Journal of Animal Science

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ABSTRACT:The weaning of piglets is often associated with digestive disorders, particularly diarrheapostweaning colibacillosis (PWC)-which is caused by infection with enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. It has been shown previously that a diet for newly weaned pigs based on cooked white rice and animal protein decreases the occurrence of PWC, whereas the addition of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to this diet enhances PWC. The aims of the current work were to 1) determine whether substitution of animal protein with plant proteins in the cooked-white-rice diet influenced its protective effects on PWC and 2) confirm that an increase in viscosity of the digesta by adding CMC to the diet favors the development of PWC-with (Exp. 1) or without (Exp. 2) experimental infection of piglets with E. coli. The diets were 1) cooked white rice and animal protein sources (RAP), 2) RAP + CMC added at 40 g of CMC/kg (air-dry basis) of diet, 3) cooked white rice and plant protein sources (RPP), and 4) wheat and plant protein sources (WPP). Experiments 1 and 2 were conducted using 32 and 24 piglets (eight and six per treatment), respectively. Piglets were weaned at 21 d (d 1), and fed ad libitum until slaughter on d 9. In Exp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet composition on postweaning colibacillosis in piglets123

Montagné¹,

Cavaney²,

Hampson³

et al. 2004

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Weaning piglets at an age of 3 to 5 weeks changes the flora, morphology and function of the porcine intestine (Nabuurs, 1998). The effectiveness of feeding probiotic (Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 concentration 10 8 cfu/mL) against naturally acquired enteric infectious diseases caused by rotavirus and E. coli has been studied using a piglet model (Shu et al, 2001).…”

Section: Digestive Physiology and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine models for the metabolic syndrome, digestive and bone disorders: a general overview

Litten-Brown

Corson

Clarke

2010

Animal

147

136

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The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the role of pigs as a biomedical model for humans. The usefulness and limitations of porcine models have been discussed in terms of metabolic, cardiovascular, digestive and bone diseases in humans. Domestic pigs and minipigs are the main categories of pigs used as biomedical models. One drawback of minipigs is that they are in short supply and expensive compared with domestic pigs, which in contrast cost more to house, feed and medicate. Different porcine breeds show different responses to the induction of specific diseases. For example, ossabaw minipigs provide a better model than Yucatan for the metabolic syndrome as they exhibit obesity, insulin resistance and hypertension, all of which are absent in the Yucatan. Similar metabolic/physiological differences exist between domestic breeds (e.g. Meishan v. Pietrain). The modern commercial (e.g. Large White) domestic pig has been the preferred model for developmental programming due to the 2-to 3-fold variation in body weight among littermates providing a natural form of foetal growth retardation not observed in ancient (e.g. Meishan) domestic breeds. Pigs have been increasingly used to study chronic ischaemia, therapeutic angiogenesis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and abdominal aortic aneurysm as their coronary anatomy and physiology are similar to humans. Type 1 and II diabetes can be induced in swine using dietary regimes and/or administration of streptozotocin. Pigs are a good and extensively used model for specific nutritional studies as their protein and lipid metabolism is comparable with humans, although pigs are not as sensitive to protein restriction as rodents. Neonatal and weanling pigs have been used to examine the pathophysiology and prevention/treatment of microbial-associated diseases and immune system disorders. A porcine model mimicking various degrees of prematurity in infants receiving total parenteral nutrition has been established to investigate gut development, amino acid metabolism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Endoscopic therapeutic methods for upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding are being developed. Bone remodelling cycle in pigs is histologically more similar to humans than that of rats or mice, and is used to examine the relationship between menopause and osteoporosis. Work has also been conducted on dental implants in pigs to consider loading; however with caution as porcine bone remodels slightly faster than human bone. We conclude that pigs are a valuable translational model to bridge the gap between classical rodent models and humans in developing new therapies to aid human health.

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“…McCauley et al (1996) established a positive effect on total GIT weight and mucosa width of an increasing amount of rat feed offered in addition to parental feeding. Also, infection affects the functioning of the GIT as demonstrated by Nabuurs (1997) who compared GIT morphology in weaned littermates from groups with mortality, without mortality and free of pathogens. Such results indicate the interaction between mucosal morphology and development, and the microbial population in the lumen.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Tract Development In Juvenilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology, regulation and multifunctional activity of the gut wall: a rationale for multicompartmental modelling

et al. 2006

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A rationale is given for a modelling approach to identify the mechanisms involved in the functioning and metabolic activity of tissues in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. Maintenance and productive functions are discussed and related to the distinct compartments of the gastrointestinal tract and the metabolic costs involved. Functions identified are: tissue turnover; tissue proliferation; ion transport; nutrient transport; secretions of digestive enzymes, mucus and immunoglobulins; production of immune cells. The major nutrients involved include glucose, amino acids and volatile fatty acids. In vivo measurements of net portal fluxes of these nutrients in pigs and ruminants are evaluated to illustrate the complexity of physiology and metabolic activity of the gastrointestinal tract. Experimental evidence indicates that high, but variable and specific, nutrient costs are involved in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

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Weaning piglets as a model for studying pathophysiology of diarrhea

Cited by 93 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of diet composition on postweaning colibacillosis in piglets123

Effect of diet composition on postweaning colibacillosis in piglets123

Porcine models for the metabolic syndrome, digestive and bone disorders: a general overview

Physiology, regulation and multifunctional activity of the gut wall: a rationale for multicompartmental modelling

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