Wearable Contactless Respiration Sensor Based on Multi-Material Fibers Integrated into Textile

Guay, Philippe; Gorgutsa, Stepan; LaRochelle, Sophie; Messaddeq, Younès

doi:10.3390/s17051050

Cited by 50 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Linear dipole (Figure 5b), and loop ( Figure 5c) textile antennas exhibit patterns in E and H radiation planes in agreement with numerical simulations. The radiation pattern of the textile integrated spiral antenna is more complicated and demonstrates a combination of the classical half-wave dipole and multiple-turns spiral radiation pattern, as shown in Figure 5e [60].…”

Section: Radiation Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A one-layer phantom representing muscle tissue was used, and its composition was chosen according to the considerations presented in [66] for 2.4 GHz frequency. More specifically, the physical body phantom consisted of 60% (by weight) deionized water, 40% sugar, and 2 g gelatin per 100 mL [60]. Along with the body phantom, a SHB model was implemented in the ANSYS environment [69] including the human body dielectric properties [68].…”

Section: Influence Of Conductive Medium: Frequency Shifts and Mechanimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the effect of mechanical deformations needs to be quantified for the multimaterial fiber antennas. Investigation of the frequency response as a function of stretching deformation have been performed for dipole, loop and spiral fiber antennas [57,60,68]. The experiments were realized by applying surface tensile stress on the textile with a constant increment [57,60,68], and measure the frequency shifts from the return loss curve.…”

Section: Influence Of Conductive Medium: Frequency Shifts and Mechanimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigation of the frequency response as a function of stretching deformation have been performed for dipole, loop and spiral fiber antennas [57,60,68]. The experiments were realized by applying surface tensile stress on the textile with a constant increment [57,60,68], and measure the frequency shifts from the return loss curve. The direction of the applied deformation with respect to the orientation of the antenna is shown in Figure 7a-c. For the loop textile antenna, Figure 7d shows a constant emission frequency even under highest deformation.…”

Section: Influence Of Conductive Medium: Frequency Shifts and Mechanimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The operating frequency shift was continuously measured using a VNA connected to the antenna through an SMA connector by mean of a coaxial cable, as presented in Figure 8c. With this configuration, Guay et al [60] performed a series of measurements to detect breathing of a volunteer asked to take four breaths, followed by one minute of relaxed, shallow breathing, and four more deep breaths. A frequency shift of 120 MHz was detected for deep breathing, while relaxing, shallow breathing led to smaller 4-15 MHz frequency shifts.…”

Section: Breath Detection Based On Frequency Shift Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

New Generation Wearable Antenna Based on Multimaterial Fiber for Wireless Communication and Real-Time Breath Detection

et al. 2018

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Smart textiles and wearable antennas along with broadband mobile technologies have empowered the wearable sensors for significant impact on the future of digital health care. Despite the recent development in this field, challenges related to lack of accuracy, reliability, user’s comfort, rigid form and challenges in data analysis and interpretation have limited their wide-scale application. Therefore, the necessity of developing a new reliable and user friendly approach to face these problems is more than urgent. In this paper, a new generation of wearable antenna is presented, and its potential use as a contactless and non-invasive sensor for human breath detection is demonstrated. The antenna is made from multimaterial fiber designed for short-range wireless network applications at 2.4 GHz frequency. The used composite metal-glass-polymer fibers permits their integration into a textile without compromising comfort or restricting movement of the user due to their high flexibility, and shield efficiently the antenna from the environmental perturbation. The multimaterial fiber approach provided a good radio-frequency emissive properties, while preserving the mechanical and cosmetic properties of the garments. With a smart textile featuring a spiral shape fiber antenna placed on a human chest, a significant shift of the operating frequency of the antenna was observed during the breathing process. The frequency shift is caused by the deformation of the antenna geometry due to the chest expansion, and to the modification of the dielectric properties of the chest during the breath. We demonstrate experimentally that the standard wireless networks, which measure the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) via standard Bluetooth protocol, can be used to reliably detect human breathing and estimate the breathing rate in real time. The mobile platform takes the form of a wearable stretching T-shirt featuring a sensor and a detection base station. The sensor is formed by a spiral-shaped antenna connected to a compact Bluetooth transmitter. Breathing patterns were recorded in the case of female and male volunteers. Although the chest anatomy of females and males is different compared, the sensor’s flexibility allowed recording successfully a breathing rate of 0.3 Hz for the female and 0.5 Hz for the male, which corresponds to a breathing rate of 21 breaths per minutes (bpm) and 30 bpm, respectively.

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Section: Radiation Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Conductive Medium: Frequency Shifts and Mechanimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Conductive Medium: Frequency Shifts and Mechanimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Conductive Medium: Frequency Shifts and Mechanimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Breath Detection Based On Frequency Shift Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Generation Wearable Antenna Based on Multimaterial Fiber for Wireless Communication and Real-Time Breath Detection

et al. 2018

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All‐Paper, All‐Organic, Cuttable, and Foldable Pressure Sensor with Tuneable Conductivity Polypyrrole

Zhao

Zhang

Tong

et al. 2020

Adv Elect Materials

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Paper has been extensively accepted as an ideal platform for fabricating low‐cost, flexible, and environmentally friendly electronics. However, current paper‐based pressure sensors have not fully demonstrated the unique merits of paper, such as cost efficiency, disposability, cuttability, and foldability, mainly because of the limitation of the applied metal electrodes and device configuration. Here, an all‐organic, all‐paper, cuttable, and foldable pressure sensor is demonstrated for the first time, with the high‐conductivity polypyrrole (PPy) printing paper as electrode and the low‐conductivity PPy tissue paper as active layer. Hollow and 3D all‐paper sensors are realized through fabricating the kirigami or origami structure since the device can be freely cut and folded, presenting a universal strategy promising for flexible device design. The cuttability and foldability of device create a unique 3D perception capability. The devices show high sensitivity (4.8 kPa−1 at < 5.5 kPa, 1.7 kPa−1 at 5.5–40 kPa) and wide detection range (up to 40 kPa), providing a capability for full‐range detection of human physiological and motion signals. These results open a feasible route to realize hollow and 3D sensors and fully demonstrate the potential of paper sensors for diverse applications to new‐generation green electronics and portable electronics.

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Design of CPW fed multiband antenna for wearable wireless body area network applications

Dey

Mitra

Arif

2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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This communication presents a multiband on-body conformal and wearable antenna for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications. The suggested wearable CPW-fed slot dipole antenna is incorporated with inductively coupled meander shape, T and O shaped resonators that lead to provide multiband operation. The resonant frequency is controlled by a definite resonant path, which leads to high degree of freedom in design paradigm. The proposed wearable antenna covers the 2.4 GHz/5.2 GHz/5.8 GHz WLAN, 3.5 GHz WiMAX, and 4.4 GHz C-bands and has an overall dimension of 60 × 40 × 0.254 mm 3. The SAR analysis has also been presented for the antenna at several resonant frequencies which are well under the normal SAR criteria of 1.6 W/kg that suggests that the model performs satisfactorily for wearable applications. To characterize the performance of the antenna, the specimen of the antenna is rigorously tested in terms of antenna gain, S-parameters and flexibility under different bending configurations for radii values ranging from 90 to 30 mm. The reflection coefficient of the suggested antenna is also evaluated and the outcomes are compared under distinct on-body circumstances. Measured and simulated results of S11, radiation pattern and gain are in good agreement.

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Wearable Contactless Respiration Sensor Based on Multi-Material Fibers Integrated into Textile

Cited by 50 publications

References 35 publications

New Generation Wearable Antenna Based on Multimaterial Fiber for Wireless Communication and Real-Time Breath Detection

New Generation Wearable Antenna Based on Multimaterial Fiber for Wireless Communication and Real-Time Breath Detection

All‐Paper, All‐Organic, Cuttable, and Foldable Pressure Sensor with Tuneable Conductivity Polypyrrole

Design of CPW fed multiband antenna for wearable wireless body area network applications

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