Wearable, Multimodal, Biosignal Acquisition System for Potential Critical and Emergency Applications

Abstract

For emergency or intensive-care units (ICUs), patients with unclear consciousness or unstable hemodynamics often require aggressive monitoring by multiple monitors. Complicated pipelines or lines increase the burden on patients and inconvenience for medical personnel. Currently, many commercial devices provide related functionalities. However, most devices measure only one biological signal, which can increase the budget for users and cause difficulty in remote integration. In this study, we develop a wearable device that integrates electrocardiography (ECG), electroencephalography (EEG), and blood oxygen machines for medical applications with the hope that it can be applied in the future. We develop an integrated multiple-biosignal recording system based on a modular design. The developed system monitors and records EEG, ECG, and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) signals for health purposes simultaneously in a single setting. We use a logic level converter to connect the developed EEG module (BR8), ECG module, and SpO2 module to a microcontroller (Arduino). The modular data are then smoothly encoded and decoded through consistent overhead byte stuffing (COBS). This developed system has passed simulation tests and exhibited proper functioning of all modules and subsystems. In the future, the functionalities of the proposed system can be expanded with additional modules to support various emergency or ICU applications.

Biosignal-Based Digital Biomarkers for Prediction of Ventilator Weaning Success

“…Electrocardiogram (ECG) data reflect heart status, and specific morphology of the arterial blood pressure waveform could reflect the status of the cardiovascular system [48][49][50][51][52]. Photoplethysmogram (PPG) data are used to measure oxygen saturation and provide information regarding oxygen transfer [53][54][55][56]. A healthy biosystem is characterized by complexity and variability, and alterations in variability and reduced complexity are related to pathological conditions [57][58][59][60][61][62].…”

Measuring Biosignals with Single Circuit Boards

“…Lin et al, on the other hand, used an Arduino Mega 2560, based on the ATmega2560 microcontroller, with 54 digital I/O pins and 16 analog inputs to prepare an ECG measurement system [ 66 ]. For ECG measurements, the module AD8232 was applied, which is a very small (4 mm × 4 mm) module especially designed for filtering noisy biosignals [ 67 , 68 ].…”

“…For ECG measurements, the module AD8232 was applied, which is a very small (4 mm × 4 mm) module especially designed for filtering noisy biosignals [ 67 , 68 ]. In this way, smooth ECG signals were monitored, as depicted in Figure 4 , and displayed using Matlab [ 66 ]. The AD8283 was also used to investigate different electrodes in combination with an Arduino board [ 69 ].…”

“… ECG measurement plot obtained by the Arduino device in combination with AD8232. From [ 66 ], originally published under a CC-BY license. …”

An IoT-Based Smart System with an MQTT Broker for Individual Patient Vital Sign Monitoring in Potential Emergency or Prehospital Applications

“…Doctors can use this technology to easily detect changes in the critical parameters of COVID-19 patients or patients in an emergency unit [ 4 ]. The information-based service opens up new healthcare opportunities by moving toward the best way for an information system to adopt new results and improve hospital treatment systems [ 5 ]. The proper usage of the IoT can help overcome different medical challenges, such as speed, price, and complexity [ 6 , 7 ].…”