Weight Loss and Fat Metabolism during Multi-Day High-Altitude Sojourns: A Hypothesis Based on Adipocyte Signaling

Pramsohler, Stephan; Burtscher, Martin; Rausch, Linda; Netzer, Nikolaus C.

doi:10.3390/life12040545

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Despite having a high metabolism and engaging in regular physical activities, Jiarong Tibetans living at high altitudes did not experience a significant increase in BMI, WC, or lipid level in spite of consuming a high energy diet (3449.69 ± 843.70 kcal/d) ( Table 3 ). Notably, multiple studies suggested that weight loss resulting from exposure to high altitude hypoxic environments could be an effective method for reducing body fat in obese individuals ( 36 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid levels in the Jiarong Tibetan’s diet at high altitudes: a cross-sectional survey

Xiaoyue,

Qichuan,

Jing

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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Despite the ongoing debate on the inconsistent and controversial effects of Tibetan diet on blood lipid levels at high altitude, this cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the relationship between dietary practices and blood lipid levels among Jiarong Tibetan population. A total of 476 Jiarong Tibetan residents were included, in which basic demographic data, physical activity records, simplified food frequency questionnaire, and biochemical data were collected. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the potential associations between the variables were examined, and it was found that fat energy supply ratio increased with the elevation of altitude, while the lipid level showed an inverted U-shaped variation. However, the findings suggested that a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids might balance the effects of the Tibetan diet on the risk of lipid metabolism disorders. Therefore, it is crucial to concentrate on the fat composition rather than the amount of fat E% intake on the plateau. The results highlighted the importance of investigating the interaction between environment and genes in lipid levels among plateau Tibetan population. However, further large-scale prospective studies are required for better understanding of the complexities involved in dietary practices and their influences on blood lipid levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid levels in the Jiarong Tibetan’s diet at high altitudes: a cross-sectional survey

Xiaoyue,

Qichuan,

Jing

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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“… 125 At HA, leptin secretion was found to be increased in sojourns with exposure to hypoxia that showed peak at 10th day and eventually decreased after 14th day with prolonged hypoxia exposure (altitude). 126 Vats et al. 127 reported at 3600 m (Phase II), HA exposure reduces plasma leptin levels in human subjects on day 2 along with anorexia and drecreased body weight as compared to low altitude subjects (Phase I, 320 m).…”

Section: Mirna and Leptin Signaling Pathway At High Altitude...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 135 Under hypoxia, expression of leptin depends on the amount of white adipose tissue (WAT) with increased β‐oxidation of fatty acids, changes in fat mobilization, decreased triglyceride level, and with a concomitant increase in the fat uptake due to high‐fat diet in the course of high‐altitude sojourns. 126 A comparative study on sojourner and HA natives showed decreased serum leptin concentrations in native women living at a higher altitude as compared to women at low altitude with a protective effect on cardiometabolic outcomes in HA natives. 136 …”

Section: Mirna and Leptin Signaling Pathway At High Altitude...mentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNA and leptin signaling in metabolic diseases and at extreme environments

Mondal,

Rathor,

Singh

et al. 2024

Pharmacology Res & Perspec

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The burden of growing concern about the dysregulation of metabolic processes arises due to complex interplay between environment and nutrition that has great impact on genetics and epigenetics of an individual. Thereby, any abnormality at the level of food intake regulating hormones may contribute to the development of metabolic diseases in any age group due to malnutrition, overweight, changing lifestyle, and exposure to extreme environments such as heat stress (HS), cold stress, or high altitude (HA). Hormones such as leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, and cholecystokinin regulate appetite and satiety to maintain energy homeostasis. Leptin, an adipokine and a pleiotropic hormone, play major role in regulating the food intake, energy gain and energy expenditure. Using in silico approach, we have identified the major genes (LEP, LEPR, JAK2, STAT3, NPY, POMC, IRS1, SOCS3) that play crucial role in leptin signaling pathway. Further, eight miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐204‐5p, hsa‐miR‐211‐5p, hsa‐miR‐30, hsa‐miR‐3163, hsa‐miR‐33a‐3p, hsa‐miR‐548, hsa‐miR‐561‐3p, hsa‐miR‐7856‐5p) from TargetScan 8.0 database were screened out that commonly target these genes. The role of these miRNAs should be explored as they might play vital role in regulating the appetite, energy metabolism, metabolic diseases (obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation), and to combat extreme environments. The miRNAs regulating leptin signaling and appetite may be useful for developing novel therapeutics for metabolic diseases.

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“…In recent years, numerous studies have revealed that participants lost significant weight after they reach a plateau under hypoxic conditions [ 8 , 9 ]. Other investigations have also confirmed altitude is inversely associated with obesity prevalence [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helpful to Live Healthier? Intermittent Hypoxic/Ischemic Training Benefits Vascular Homeostasis and Lipid Metabolism with Activating SIRT1 Pathways in Overweight/Obese Individuals

Jiao,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Obes Facts

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Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate whether and how normobaric intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) or remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) plus normoxic training (RNT) has a synergistic protective effect on lipid metabolism and vascular function compared with normoxic training (NT) in overweight or obese adults. Methods: A total of 37 overweight or obese adults (36.03 ± 10.48 years) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: NT group (exercise intervention in normoxia), IHT group (exercise intervention in normobaric hypoxic chamber) and RNT group (exercise intervention in normoxia + RIPC twice daily). All participants carried out the same one-hour exercise intervention for a total of four weeks, five days per week. Physical fitness parameters were evaluated at pre- and post-exercise intervention. Results: After training, all three groups significantly decreased BMI (p < 0.05). IHT group reduced body fat percentage, visceral fat mass (p < 0.05), blood pressure (p < 0.01), left ABI, HRmax (p < 0.05), the expression of PPARγ (p < 0.01), and increased the expression of SIRT1 (p < 0.05), VEGF (p < 0.01). RNT group lowered waist-to-hip ratio, visceral fat mass, blood pressure (p < 0.05) and HRmax (p < 0.01). Conclusion: IHT could effectively reduce visceral fat mass and improve vascular elasticity in overweight or obese individuals than pure normoxic training with the activation of SIRT1-related pathways. And RNT also produced similar benefits on body composition and vascular function, which were weaker than those of IHT but stronger than normoxic training. Given the convenience and economy of RNT, both intermittent hypoxic and ischemic training have the potential to be a successful health promotion strategies for the overweight/obese population.

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Weight Loss and Fat Metabolism during Multi-Day High-Altitude Sojourns: A Hypothesis Based on Adipocyte Signaling

Cited by 8 publications

References 63 publications

Lipid levels in the Jiarong Tibetan’s diet at high altitudes: a cross-sectional survey

Lipid levels in the Jiarong Tibetan’s diet at high altitudes: a cross-sectional survey

miRNA and leptin signaling in metabolic diseases and at extreme environments

Helpful to Live Healthier? Intermittent Hypoxic/Ischemic Training Benefits Vascular Homeostasis and Lipid Metabolism with Activating SIRT1 Pathways in Overweight/Obese Individuals

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