Weight loss studies of fastener materials corrosion in contact with timbers treated with copper azole and alkaline copper quaternary compounds

Kear, Gareth; Wu, Haizhen; Jones, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2008.11.012

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Copper based waterborne wood preservatives are frequently used in the United States to protect the wood from fungal and insect attack [3,4]. These wood preservatives have been shown to increase the corrosion of metal fasteners [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kinetically, the corrosion rate of embedded fasteners increases with increasing copper concentration in the wood, which also suggests that copper is involved in the corrosion mechanism [13]. Based on these observations, several researchers have proposed that the corrosion mechanism involves the migration of the cupric ions to the fastener surface where they are reduced as the fastener is oxidized [5,9,10,12,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copper distribution and oxidation states near corroded fasteners in treated wood

et al. 2019

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Metal fasteners are used to hold wood structures together. In outdoor applications, these fasteners are subject to corrosion when the wood is treated with certain preservative treatments. Typically, these treatments contain copper. Prior work has hypothesized that the mechanism of corrosion in treated wood involves reduction of copper ions from the wood treatments. However, copper was rarely detected in the corrosion products of metals embedded in treated wood, which contradicts the hypothesized mechanism. This present work utilizes synchrotron based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy to examine the corrosion mechanism in treated wood by looking at the spatial distribution and oxidation states of copper in the treated wood near the fastener and in the corrosion products removed from the fastener surface. The samples were obtained after a 1-year corrosion test. In the wood cell walls, the oxidation state of the copper treatment did not change in the immediate vicinity of the fastener, although there was a depletion of copper near the fastener. Furthermore, copper was detected in the corrosion products in trace amounts using XFM. Together, these techniques confirm that the corrosion mechanism involves transport of the cupric ions to the fastener surface, where they are reduced and suggest that previous attempts to detect copper were unsuccessful because the concentration of copper in the corrosion products was below the level of detection of the previously used techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper distribution and oxidation states near corroded fasteners in treated wood

et al. 2019

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“…Once the fasteners were driven into the wood, the boards were placed in a sealed container for one year. The boards were placed above a reservoir of water, which created a local environment of close to 100% RH inside of the container; the temperature of the room was 27 • C. These conditions closely match previous corrosion tests on preservative-treated wood [28,[33][34][35][36]38]. In this experiment however, the containers were inadvertently moved at some point during the exposure.…”

Section: Exposurementioning

confidence: 73%

“…Corrosion of embedded fasteners was found to proceed at a constant rate with time [31,32]. Most of the previous corrosion testing was performed in an environment at 27 • C and near 100% relative humidity (RH) conditions [22,28,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. It was found that the corrosion rates under these conditions were as high or higher than those measured in the fully saturated wood state [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosiveness of Thermally Modified Wood

Zelinka

Passarini²,

Matt

et al. 2019

Forests

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Thermally modified wood is becoming commercially available in North America for use in outdoor applications. While there have been many studies on how thermal modification affects the dimensional stability, water vapor sorption, and biodeterioration of wood, little is known about whether thermally modified wood is corrosive to metal fasteners and hangers used to hold these members in place. As thermally modified wood is used in outdoor applications, it has the potential to become wet which may lead to corrosion of embedded fasteners. Here, we examine the corrosiveness of thermally modified ash and oak in an exposure test where stainless steel, hot-dip galvanized steel, and carbon steel nails are driven into wood and exposed to a nearly 100% relative humidity environment at 27 °C for one year. The corrosion rates were compared against control specimens of untreated and preservative-treated southern pine. Stainless steel fasteners did not corrode in any specimens regardless of the treatment. The thermal modification increased the corrosiveness of the ash and oak, however, an oil treatment that is commonly applied by the manufacturer to the wood after the heat treatment reduced the corrosiveness. The carbon steel fasteners exhibited higher corrosion rates in the thermally modified hardwoods than in the preservative-treated pine control. Corrosion rates of galvanized fasteners in the hardwoods were much lower than carbon steel fasteners. These data can be used to design for corrosion when building with thermally modified wood, and highlight differences between corrosion of metals embedded in wood products.

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“…For carbon steel, the order was slightly different: ACQ (17), MCQ (13), CuAz (11), CCA (10), DDAC (1.9), and untreated (0.7). Kear et al (2009) examined the corrosion of three different metals (316 stainless steel, hot-dip galvanized steel, and plain carbon steel) in three different preservatives (CCA, ACQ, CuAz), treated to three different retention levels with four different test methodologies. The retention levels were specified in a New Zealand standard that specifies a mass basis (i.e., kg/kg) instead of a density basis and therefore cannot be directly compared with traditional U.S. retentions (in lb/ft 3 or kg/m 3 ).…”

Section: Review Of Corrosion Data From New Wood Preservativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Wood Species and Preservatives for Use in Wisconsin Highway Sign Posts

Lebow¹,

Ross²,

Zelinka³

2014

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Weight loss studies of fastener materials corrosion in contact with timbers treated with copper azole and alkaline copper quaternary compounds

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Copper distribution and oxidation states near corroded fasteners in treated wood

Copper distribution and oxidation states near corroded fasteners in treated wood

Corrosiveness of Thermally Modified Wood

Evaluation of Wood Species and Preservatives for Use in Wisconsin Highway Sign Posts

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