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Heubner, U.; Melin, A.; Jehn, Hermann

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-80943-9_20

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…This has been proven also in the long-term experiments at up to 1250 °C in KALLA [85]. Noticeable carbon solubility is found at the boiling point (2600 °C) [98]. According to the correlation of Oden and Gokcen [99], the solubility of carbon in molten tin is 2 23 × 10 −4 wt% at 1550 °C and 1 01 × 10 −3 wt% at 1750 °C.…”

Section: Tin Carbidesmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Platteeuw and Meyer [103] showed experimentally that solid stannous oxide (SnO (s)) is unstable and decomposes into tin and tin dioxide at 300 °C and higher, while gaseous stannous oxide (SnO (g)), on the other hand, is stable. Possibly, at least between 300 and 1127 °C, SnO 2 (s) and SnO (g) are the only stable oxide phases [98].…”

Section: Tinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A key requirement for choosing a suitable liquid metal is that it is thermally stable above 700 °C and does not form carbides or hydrides, so that the reactor is not clogged by nonmetallic solids. These criteria are met in particular by the liquid metal tin [94,98] which is why Sn was used in that work and in a parallel reactor development.…”

Section: Tinmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

CO2 Impact on Methane Pyrolysis as a Key Issue of Using Biogas as an Educt: A Theoretical Study

Durán,

Dietrich,

Hofberger

et al. 2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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Dry reforming of methane (DRM) has attracted great interest for the production of syngas and/or hydrogen in a more environmentally friendly way. It is especially advantageous in this case to use biogas—as a mixture of methane, CO2, and traces of further gases—as a feedstock replacement for natural gas. Nevertheless, industrial implementation of DRM is currently limited because of its inherent process restrictions. The biggest challenge of dry reforming is the deposition of carbon on the catalyst, known as “coking.” The focus of this theoretical study is to evaluate the feasibility of a biogas dry reforming process in a liquid metal (Sn) bubble column reactor. This technology has already been proven suitable for methane pyrolysis to obtain hydrogen, preventing issues related to reactor clogging or catalyst deactivation caused by carbon deposition. Results show that at high operating temperatures and atmospheric pressure, a product gas primarily composed of H2 and CO would be obtained. CO2 and water vapor may also be present in the final product depending on the operating conditions. The molten tin inside the reactor would, according to the presented theoretical considerations, not be affected by the formation of carbides and oxides. Additionally, the syngas composition (the H2 : CO ratio) could be adjusted by using different CH4 : CO2 feed ratios.

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Section: Tin Carbidesmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Tinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CO2 Impact on Methane Pyrolysis as a Key Issue of Using Biogas as an Educt: A Theoretical Study

Durán,

Dietrich,

Hofberger

et al. 2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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Aspects of corrosion of iron‐ and nickel‐based materials by liquid tin: Oxygen dissolved in the melt and saturation with the parent element

Emmerich

Durand

Tsisar

et al. 2018

Materials & Corrosion

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Cylindrical samples of iron, austenitic steel 1.4571, and nickel‐based alloy 2.4663 were tested in liquid tin (Sn) at 500 and 700 °C. The exposure times ranged from 3 to 100 h. During exposure the oxygen content of the melt was measured online. In case the oxygen content is higher than the oxide threshold, even Fe‐oxides, which were not specifically created before exposure, are capable of reducing liquid Sn corrosion. In case of lower oxygen contents more stable oxides, like Cr‐oxides, fail locally leading to corrosion pits. The influence of saturation with the parent element of the tested alloy on material consumption and morphology of corrosion scales was also investigated. Saturation reduces material consumption and promotes formation of intermetallic compounds of the respective parent element and Sn. The capacity of liquid Sn for taking up nickel leads predominantly to selective removal of nickel from the corrosion scale on austenitic steel and nickel‐based alloy samples, whereas the less soluble elements remain. Finally, typical rate laws were tested for expressing the observed material consumption as a function of time.

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Cited by 2 publications

References 94 publications

CO2 Impact on Methane Pyrolysis as a Key Issue of Using Biogas as an Educt: A Theoretical Study

CO2 Impact on Methane Pyrolysis as a Key Issue of Using Biogas as an Educt: A Theoretical Study

Aspects of corrosion of iron‐ and nickel‐based materials by liquid tin: Oxygen dissolved in the melt and saturation with the parent element

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