West Nile Fever in the Saratov Region in 2013-2015

The modern period is characterized by the expansion of the areas of a number of dangerous infectious diseases, previously endemic only for the countries with tropical climate. As a result of Palearctic climate warming and humidification and under the influence of anthropogenic factors, foci of a new transmissible arboviral zoonosis – West Nile fever (WNF) – have been formed in the Saratov region. On the territory of Russia, the circulation of the West Nile virus (WNV) has been recorded since 1963, and cases of human infection have been detected since 1967. In the studied region, the circulation of the virus has been known since the mid-90s of the last century, and epidemic complications – since 2012. 142 cases of the disease were reported in 2012–2020. The ecological prerequisites for a wide circulation of WNV are associated with the increase in the number of birds – carriers, and arthropods – blood-sucking vectors, the longer activity period of mosquitoes and ticks owing to the reduced frosty season of the year. As a result of landscape mapping with the use of modern methods for decoding images of satellite maps and remote sensing of the Earth (ERS), data have been obtained that served as the basis for epidemiological WNF zoning. There are three types of potential WNF foci on the territory of the region, namely: natural, natural-anthropourgic, and anthropourgic ones. The total area of biocenoses has been established, where natural, natural-anthropourgic and anthropourgic WNF foci could be formed: 6619.94 km2, 1484.62 km2, and 70.4 km2, respectively. Cluster analysis of the environmental conditions in 38 administrative districts of the region has distinguished four groups differing in the risk level of infection of the population with West Nile fever. The data obtained are used for planning, substantiating and conducting surveys and preventive measures, and form the basis for predicting the epidemiological situation in the region.

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Ecological aspects of zoning the territory of the Saratov region by the risk level of formation of West Nile fever foci

Захаров

Магеррамов

Matrosov

2021

Povolžskij èkologičeskij žurnal

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Methodological approaches to assessment of the decline for health risk reduction from mosquito bites due to the application of repellents and insecticides

Шур

Redko

Khrushcheva

et al. 2021

Hygiene and Sanitation

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Introduction. The use of repellents and insecticides is the most important method of protection against mosquitoes. In the scientific literature, there is practically no information about the risk from mosquito bitesl to human health due to the non-use of these funds. The information on the prevalence, infection of mosquito-carriers of infectious agents was studied; biological risks from non-use of repellents and insecticides. The aim of the study is to develop methodological approaches to assessing the reduction of health risk from mosquito bites due to the use of repellent and insecticidal agents. Materials and methods. The methods of studying relevant scientific literature, analysis of statistical reporting data, the main stages of the methodology for assessing health risks were used. Results. The proposed methodological approaches have been tested in various scenarios for the use of repellents and insecticides in comparison with the averted risks associated with the development of infectious diseases carried by mosquitoes. Conclusion. For the implementation of methodological approaches, scenarios and parameters of the development of the situation with the use of repellents and insecticides or their non-use are proposed. Indicators of individual, population and prevented health risks were calculated, considering the severity of harm to health. The personal health risk of West Nile fever (WNF) and dirofilariasis in non-endemic areas without application repellents and insecticides is assessed as acceptable - 1.2•10-8 and 1.7•10-5, respectively. At the territory with constantly recorded WNV incidence, the application of repellents or insecticides diminished the population risk of contracting fever by ten times. The averted health risk is 0.297 cases per 2.8 million population. When using repellents or insecticides, the population risk of dirofilariasis is significantly reduced. The averted health risk is 8.8 cases per population of 579 103 people.

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West Nile Fever in the Saratov Region in 2013-2015

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Ecological aspects of zoning the territory of the Saratov region by the risk level of formation of West Nile fever foci

Ecological aspects of zoning the territory of the Saratov region by the risk level of formation of West Nile fever foci

Methodological approaches to assessment of the decline for health risk reduction from mosquito bites due to the application of repellents and insecticides

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