Western Lake Trout Woes

Martinez, Patrick J.; Bigelow, Patricia E.; Deleray, Mark; Fredenberg, Wade; Hansen, Barry; Horner, Ned J.; Lehr, Stafford K.; Schneidervin, Roger W.; Tolentino, Scott A.; Viola, Art E.

doi:10.1577/1548-8446-34.9.424

Cited by 106 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Lake trout have been intentionally, illegally or invasively established in over 200 waters in the western United States (Martinez et al 2009). In many cases, introduced lake trout prey on and/or compete for resources with native fishes, resulting in cascading impacts within and beyond the affected water bodies and terrestrial communities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, the species is expanding its range in the western United States through dispersal and unauthorized translocations (Behnke 2002). While lake trout occupy an important ecological niche as a top-level predator in lakes where they are native, they have often become predators and competitors with native fishes in lakes where they have been introduced (Ruzycki et al 2003;Koel et al 2005;Martinez et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Founding population size of an aquatic invasive species

et al. 2010

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Non-native species of fish threaten native fishes throughout North America, and in the Rocky Mountains, introduced populations of lake trout threaten native populations of bull trout. Effective management of lake trout and other exotic species require understanding the dynamics of invasion in order to either suppress non-native populations or to prevent their spread. In this study, we used microsatellite genetic data to estimate the number of lake trout that invaded a population of bull trout in Swan Lake, MT. Examination of genetic diversity and allele frequencies within the Swan Lake populations showed that most of the genes in the lake trout population are descended from two founders. This emphasizes the importance of preventing even a few lake trout from colonizing new territory.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Founding population size of an aquatic invasive species

et al. 2010

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“…Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) are an ecologically and economically important fish species in the Laurentian Great Lakes, where they have been the focus of intensive restoration efforts [20,21], and in parts of western United States, where they are invasive [22][23][24]. Lake trout typically spawn during autumn, and unlike most salmonines, they tend to spawn in open-lake environments [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of oviduct-inserted acoustic transmitters and positional telemetry to estimate timing and location of spawning: a feasibility study in lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush

Binder

Holbrook

Miehls

et al. 2014

Animal Biotelemetry

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Background: Oviduct-inserted transmitters have shown promise for determining precise location of spawning in fishes. Use of traditional manual tracking to locate expelled oviduct transmitters is laborious and accurate estimates of time of transmitter expulsion require frequent surveys. We tested the feasibility of using oviduct-inserted transmitters with positional telemetry to estimate time and location of spawning in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). Three assumptions were tested: (1) oviduct transmitters remain within fish until spawning, (2) oviduct transmitters are expelled with the eggs during spawning, and (3) time and location of oviduct transmitter expulsion can be accurately determined. Results: In the laboratory, 39 of 44 (89%) lake trout retained an oviduct transmitter until end of the spawning period and all premature transmitter expulsions occurred before maturation. Natural spawning in the laboratory was not feasible; however, of 35 ripe trout that retained transmitters, 31 (89%) expelled their transmitter with eggs when subjected to manual stripping. Ability to position transmitters with a telemetry array at known spawning sites in Lake Huron (North America) was poor when oviduct transmitters were placed in the substrate compared to transmitters suspended 1 m above substrate -78% of transmitters in substrate could not be positioned. However, in simulations, time and location of spawning were determined with reasonable accuracy by double-tagging trout with one transmitter that is expelled with the eggs during spawning while another transmitter remains in the fish. Accuracy of estimated time and location of transmitter spatial separation varied with distance traveled from spawning site and swimming speed, and was dependent on transmission delay.

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“…Nonnative lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) have displaced and replaced native bull trout as the dominant predator in most of the large lakes west of the Continental Divide in GNP [23,24], as they have in several other systems throughout the upper Columbia River drainage [25]. Non-hybridized westslope cutthroat trout in these same systems are threatened by introgressive hybridization with introduced rainbow trout (O. mykiss) [26], which is rapidly spreading upstream via continent-island and stepping-stone invasion [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fine-scale Assessment of Using Barriers to Conserve Native Stream Salmonids: A Case Study in Akokala Creek, Glacier National Park, USA

Muhlfeld¹

2012

TOFISHSJ

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Abstract:Biologists are often faced with the difficult decision in managing native salmonids of where and when to install barriers as a conservation action to prevent upstream invasion of nonnative fishes. However, fine-scale approaches to assess long-term persistence of populations within streams and watersheds chosen for isolation management are often lacking. We employed a spatially-explicit approach to evaluate stream habitat conditions, relative abundance, and genetic diversity of native westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) within the Akokala Creek watershed in Glacier National Park a population threatened by introgressive hybridization with nonnative rainbow trout (O. mykiss) from nearby sources. The systematic survey of 24 stream reaches showed broad overlap in fish population and suitable habitat characteristics among reaches and no natural barriers to fish migration were found. Analysis of population structure using 16 microsatellite loci showed modest amounts of genetic diversity among reaches, and that fish from Long Bow Creek were the only moderately distinct genetic group. We then used this information to assess the potential impacts of three barrier placement scenarios on long-term population persistence and genetic diversity. The two barrier placement scenarios in headwater areas generally failed to meet general persistence criteria for minimum population size (2,500 individuals, N e = 500), maintenance of long-term genetic diversity (H e ), and no population subdivision. Conversely, placing a barrier near the stream mouth and selectively passing non-hybridized, migratory spawners entering Akokala Creek met all persistence criteria and may offer the best option to conserve native trout populations and life history diversity. Systematic, fine-scale stream habitat, fish distribution, and genetic assessments in streams chosen for barrier installation are needed in conjunction with broader scale assessments to understand the potential impacts of using barriers for conservation of native salmonid populations threatened by nonnative fish invasions.

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Western Lake Trout Woes

Cited by 106 publications

References 36 publications

Founding population size of an aquatic invasive species

Founding population size of an aquatic invasive species

Use of oviduct-inserted acoustic transmitters and positional telemetry to estimate timing and location of spawning: a feasibility study in lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush

A Fine-scale Assessment of Using Barriers to Conserve Native Stream Salmonids: A Case Study in Akokala Creek, Glacier National Park, USA

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