Wet Season Trials on Growth and Yield of Six Newly Developed Chili Pepper Hybrids at Three Different Locations

Abstract

Chili pepper is one highest economic value vegetable crops in Indonesia. The wet season may adversely influence chili pepper yield in the field due to a high incidence of flower and fruit drop, and it may be more severe when it is combined with high temperature. The objective of this study might be to evaluate growth and yield of six newly developed chili pepper hybrids at three different agro climates during the wet season. The study was conducted in three locations differed mainly by elevation and soil type. They were low elevation (15 m above sea level-asl) with Ultisol, medium elevation (600 m asl) with Inceptisol, and high elevation (1000 m asl) with andosol, during the peak of rainy season, November 2014 to March 2015. In all location, the experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The hybrid genotypes evaluated were H14, H17, H20, H23, H39 and H5, and one commercial hybrid as a check, Dimas. The result showed that at low elevation, the hybrid genotype of H39 showed higher stem diameter, plant fresh and dry weight, the number of fruit and total fruit weight per plant. At medium altitude, H39 showed relatively higher plant height, stem diameter, plant dry-weight and total fruit number per plant than other hybrids did. However, total fruit weight per plant of Dimas and H20 were higher than that of other hybrids. At high elevation, plant height of H23, Dimas, or H39 was relatively superior to that of other hybrids. In term of plant fresh and dry weight, H20, H23, or H17 was superior to other hybrids. However, H20, H17, or H5 showed higher yield than other hybrids did. It seems that H39, Dimas, and H20 were more suitable at low, medium and high elevation, respectively, compared to other hybrids. Growth and yield of chili pepper grown at low elevation were lower than at medium or high altitude. The plant at high elevation produced yield higher than they did at medium altitude.

Growth Performance and AMMI Yield Stability Analysis of Five New Maize Hybrid Populations

“…Those result revealed the strength of environmental effect on genotype tested so that there was not any consistent performance of genotypes at different locations. Genotypic response to environmental conditions determined the consistency of yield superiority of hybrids in a different location [8] [23].…”

Genetic Diversity Analysis in 27 Tomato Accessions Using Morphological and Molecular Markers

“…Current efforts in tomato breeding program focused on discovering and utilizing the gene for the trait most important for human being by exploring tomato germplasms (Bai & Lindhout, 2007). Knowledge on germplasm diversity is very important for conservation purposes and plant breeding activities in order to develop varieties and to improve production and productivity (Poczai, Varga, Bell, & Hyvönen, 2011;Herison, Handajaningsih, Fahrurrozi, & Rustikawati, 2017).…”

Evaluation of Technological Packages for High Yield of New Hot Pepper Hybrids in Ultisol

“…Penelitian terstruktur dalam rangka perakitan kultivar cabai unggul untuk perbaikan genetik telah dilakukan peneliti sejak tahun 2002 dan pada tahun 2015 diperoleh enam hibrida unggul yang berpotensi daya hasil tinggi dan toleran CMV, tiga di antaranya yaitu UNIB CHR17F1, UNIB CHR23 dan Maxima telah terdaftar di Pusat Perlindungan Varietas Tanaman, Kementerian Pertanian. Uji lapang terhadap keenam hibrida unggul tersebut pada Andosol mampu mencapai hasil yang baik yaitu setara 14 ton ha -1 (Herison et al, 2017).…”

“…Kondisi tersebut yang menyebabkan tanaman tidak mampu mencapai tingkat produksi potensialnya. Pengujian hibrida UNIB CHR17F1, UNIB CHR23 dan Maxima pada Ultisol, menunjukkan hasil yang jauh lebih rendah dari potensinya (Herison et al, 2017).…”