What Determines the Efficacy of Forced-Air Warming Systems? A Manikin Evaluation with Upper Body Blankets

Bräuer, Anselm; Bovenschulte, H.; Perl, Thorsten; Zink, Wolfgang; English, M.J.; Quintel, Michael

doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e31818e0cee

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the only clinical trial to our knowledge comparing different forced-air warming systems, both the Bair Hugger and WarmAir systems were equally as effective in ensuring normothermia postoperatively [65], despite previous studies showing significant differences in heat transfer capacity [60]. It has also been argued that the efficacy of forcedair warming systems is primarily determined by the associated blanket properties as opposed to the power unit [66]. In contrast to the nozzle temperature and airflow generated by the power unit, the blanket's ability to optimise the patient-blanket temperature gradient, and its capacity to distribute heat evenly correlates well with the heat transfer ability of the forced-air system according to manikin studies.…”

Section: Types Of Forced-air Warming Systemsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Peri‐operative warming devices: performance and clinical application

2014

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SummarySince the adverse consequences of accidental peri-operative hypothermia have been recognised, there has been a rapid expansion in the development of new warming equipment designed to prevent it. This is a review of peri-operative warming devices and a critique of the evidence assessing their performance. Forced-air warming is a common and extensively tested warming modality that outperforms passive insulation and water mattresses, and is at least as effective as resistive heating. More recently developed devices include circulating water garments, which have shown promising results due to their ability to cover large surface areas, and negative pressure devices aimed at improving subcutaneous perfusion for warming. We also discuss the challenge of fluid warming, looking particularly at how devices' performance varies according to flow rate. Our ultimate aim is to provide a guide through the bewildering array of devices on the market so that clinicians can make informed and accurate choices for their particular hospital environment.

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Section: Types Of Forced-air Warming Systemsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Peri‐operative warming devices: performance and clinical application

2014

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“…Hypothermia is more frequent in long surgeries because the steepest drop in temperature occurs within the first 40 to 60 minutes after induction of anesthesia (16) . We associate this result to the heating method, in which G2 covered the entire dorsal body, while G1 covered only the lower limbs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothermia Prevention During Surgery: Comparison Between Thermal Mattress And Thermal Blanket

Moysés

Trettene

Navarro

et al. 2014

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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This study aimed to compare the efficiency of the thermal blanket and thermal mattress in the prevention of hypothermia during surgery. Thirty-eight randomized patients were divided into two groups (G1 – thermal blanket and G2 - thermal mattress). The variables studied were: length of surgery, length of stay in the post-anesthetic care unit, period without using the device after thermal induction, transport time from the operating room to post-anesthetic care unit, intraoperative fluid infusion, surgery size, anesthetic technique, age, body mass index, esophageal, axillary and operating room temperature. In G2, length of surgery and starch infusion longer was higher (both p=0.03), but no hypothermia occurred. During the surgical anesthetic procedure, the axillary temperature was higher at 120 minutes (p=0.04), and esophageal temperature was higher at 120 (p=0.002) and 180 minutes (p=0.03) and at the end of the procedure (p=0.002). The thermal mattress was more effective in preventing hypothermia during surgery.

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“…A well‐designed blanket should have an even temperature distribution 12 . The smaller the temperature gradient between the highest and the lowest temperatures provided by the blanket, the better its efficiency 12 . A study by Shorrab et al 13 that included data from pediatric epidural and general anesthesia surgeries suggests that there is similar heat loss between lower and upper body blankets of equal surface areas.…”

Section: Level Of Evidence In This Article According To the National mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Safe recommendations include the following: Choose the forced‐air warming device that has the lowest temperature gradient in one blanket (ie, the temperature difference between various points on the blanket should differ as little as possible) 12 a blanket that covers the largest area of skin possible without interfering with the surgical site 12 Assess the patient for risks before using a forced‐air warming system 2,9,10 …”

Section: Level Of Evidence In This Article According To the National mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first step in warming a patient with forced air is to choose the appropriate device. A study by Bräuer et al 12 showed that the design and quality of the blanket may be the key factor that determines the efficacy of a forced‐air warming system. A well‐designed blanket should have an even temperature distribution 12 .…”

Section: Level Of Evidence In This Article According To the National mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Safe and Efficient Use of Forced‐Air Warming Systems

Wu¹

2013

AORN Journal

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Maintaining perioperative normothermia is important to ensure that a patient does not experience inadvertent hypothermia and its consequences, such as increased blood loss, cardiac abnormalities, prolonged recovery, and increased risk for wound infection. Many clinical guidelines recommend the use of forced-air warming as one of several techniques to prevent inadvertent perioperative hypothermia. Safe use of forced-air warming devices includes choosing the right device, assessing the patient for risks, protecting the patient from burn injuries, appropriately maintaining the patient's body temperature, and using the device as directed by the manufacturer's recommendations. Staff members should receive education on hypothermia and warming technology on a regular basis.

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What Determines the Efficacy of Forced-Air Warming Systems? A Manikin Evaluation with Upper Body Blankets

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Peri‐operative warming devices: performance and clinical application

Peri‐operative warming devices: performance and clinical application

Hypothermia Prevention During Surgery: Comparison Between Thermal Mattress And Thermal Blanket

The Safe and Efficient Use of Forced‐Air Warming Systems

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