What does a pharmacist do? A time and motion study

Negaard, Briana; Lyons, Kyle P.; Nichol, Corbin L.; Polgreen, Linnea A.

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2019.03.007

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These services included screening, medication reviews, medication education, and in-depth counseling sessions designed to promote patient-centered care. [4][5][6][7] The introduction of pharmacy professional services has paved the way for pharmacists to utilize the knowledge and skills gained through education and training. 7,8 A number of services have already been effectively implemented by pharmacists, but the incorporation of these services into routine pharmacy practice has been gradual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Does the Modality Used in Health Coaching Matter? A Systematic Review of Health Coaching Outcomes</p>

Singh

Kennedy

Stupans

2020

PPA

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The purpose of this review was to evaluate the modalities (e.g., face-to-face, telephone or electronic) of pharmacist health coaching providing the greatest improvement in patient outcomes, to enable a more comprehensive evaluation to be done and quality decision-making around health coaching modalities to be undertaken by pharmacists. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. CINHAL, EMBASE, PubMed, PsychINFO and SCOPUS were searched (2000-2019). Included articles were reviewed for the modality used to health coach, the training provided, and the outcomes. Results: Twelve papers met the eligibility criteria. A majority of studies included involved a combination of modalities of pharmacist health coaching. Four papers referred to face-toface sessions, and one study used telephone coaching. In each paper, coaching led to an improvement in clinical and non-clinical health outcomes. Conclusion: The training provided to health coaches varied and in some cases was not reported. Inconsistencies in reports led to difficulties when comparing study outcomes. Therefore, conclusions about the modality providing the greatest improvement in patient outcomes and the most pragmatic health coaching modality are not possible. Studies that document the training, the modality, the outcomes and the cost benefits of coaching by pharmacists are warranted to enable a more comprehensive evaluation to be done and quality decision-making around health coaching modalities to be undertaken by pharmacists.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Does the Modality Used in Health Coaching Matter? A Systematic Review of Health Coaching Outcomes</p>

Singh

Kennedy

Stupans

2020

PPA

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“…Ongoing transformations in the range of roles played by professional pharmacists have a global reach. According to the WHO, pharmacists should not only be dispensers of medication, but also members of a therapeutic team, actively tending to the healthcare needs of patients [1], who in turn benefit from the knowledge pharmacists have acquired in pharmacotherapy practice [2]. A special role is played by pharmacist employed in public pharmacies who deal directly with patients or customers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Perception of the Range of Roles Played by Professional Pharmacists

Majchrowska

Bogusz

Nowakowska

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Background: Professional pharmacists should be directly involved in patient healthcare as members of therapeutic teams are not the only dispensers of medication. Public perceptions of the professional role of pharmacists is expressed through patients’ attitudes, trust, and expectations as health and illness consultants, or qualified retailers of medicines. This perception is influenced by numerous determinants, both health-related and social. Objective: This research intends to describe the range of social roles pharmacists play from the perspective of potential pharmacy customers/patients. Methods: The data presented in the article comes from cross-sectional survey-based research, undertaken in 2018, on a representative sample of 600 Polish adults. Results: Over-the-counter medication is purchased by almost all Polish adults, but they do not tend to ask for advice at pharmacies. Most respondents consider a pharmacist to be “a person qualified to sell medicines”, with some of the participants regarding pharmacists as “ordinary retailers”. A small number of respondents are interested in benefiting from pharmaceutical care, but the pharmacy is still perceived to be a point of purchase for medication. Conclusions: Respondents do not treat pharmacists as health advisors and reduce its role to that of dispensing medication. Sociodemographic variables have no significant effect on social perception of pharmacists.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies describing a process to collect detailed information about community pharmacists' day‐to‐day interactions with patients. Previous publications have focussed mainly on specific community pharmacist activities 7–11 or time‐in‐motion studies examining pharmacist activities for the purposes of improving efficiencies 12,13 . However, there are some limitations to this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piloting the Describing and Evaluating community Pharmacy practice to Improve patients' Care and Treatment tool

Chevalier

Cottrell

Hegerty

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Objective To pilot the Describing and Evaluating community Pharmacy practice to Improve patients' Care and Treatment (DEPICT) tool to determine its utility in collecting data about Australian community pharmacist activities and patient-related encounters. Methods DEPICT tool was developed and tested. Two pharmacy students recruited study patients and collected data in four urban pharmacies. Key findings Fourteen pharmacists completed 189 DEPICT forms. Pharmacists' evaluations indicated overall high levels of satisfaction and provided valuable recommendations for improvement. Conclusions Pharmacists' feedback will be incorporated into future iterations of DEPICT that will include electronic collection of regional data in urban and rural settings.

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What does a pharmacist do? A time and motion study

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

<p>Does the Modality Used in Health Coaching Matter? A Systematic Review of Health Coaching Outcomes</p>

<p>Does the Modality Used in Health Coaching Matter? A Systematic Review of Health Coaching Outcomes</p>

Public Perception of the Range of Roles Played by Professional Pharmacists

Piloting the Describing and Evaluating community Pharmacy practice to Improve patients' Care and Treatment tool

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