What does individual strength say about resistance training status?

Buckner, Samuel L.; Mouser, J. Grant; Jessee, Matthew B.; Dankel, Scott J.; Mattocks, Kevin T.; Loenneke, Jeremy P.

doi:10.1002/mus.25461

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Considering that the EO impact was analyzed after 12 weeks of a pre-conditioning RT phase, we assumed the sample was composed of trained older women. However, there is not consensus for the use of this terminology [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Three Resistance Exercise Orders on Muscular Function and Body Composition in Older Women

et al. 2020

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The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of three resistance exercise orders on muscular strength, body composition, and functional fitness in trained older women. Forty-five women (aged ≥60 years), after performing 12 weeks of a pre-conditioning resistance-training program were randomly assigned in one of the following groups that performed the exercises in the following orders: multi-joint to single-joint order (MJ-SJ, n=15), single-joint to multi-joint order (SJ-MJ, n=15), and alternating between upper and lower body order (ALT, n=15). Specific training intervention lasted 12 weeks (3x/week) and was composed of eight exercises performed in three sets of 15/10/5 repetitions, with increasing load through the sets. Muscular strength was estimated by one-repetition maximum tests; body composition was assessed by whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and functional fitness was analyzed with a sequence of four motor tests. All groups improved similarly in muscular strength (Cohen’s effect size: MJ-SJ=0.45; SJ-MJ=0.48; ALT=0.45), skeletal muscle mass (MJ-SJ=0.08; SJ-MJ=0.07; ALT=0.09), and functional test performance (MJ-SJ=0.38; SJ-MJ=0.20; ALT=0.31), but no change was observed for body fat (P>0.05). The results suggest that 12 weeks of resistance training induce positive changes in muscle morphofunctionality, regardless of the exercise order employed in trained older women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Three Resistance Exercise Orders on Muscular Function and Body Composition in Older Women

et al. 2020

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“…week for ≥2 years with a minimum of one session per week including exercises that targeted the lower limbs (Buckner et al 2017). Prior to any experimental procedures, written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants and the study conformed to the latest revision of the Declaration of Helsinki.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the usefulness of acute physiological responses following resistance exercise: sensitivity, magnitude of change, and time course of measures

Jackman

Bell

Gill

et al. 2019

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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A variety of strategies exist to modulate acute physiological responses following resistance exercise aimed at enhancing recovery and/or adaptation processes. To assess the true impact of these strategies, it is important to know the ability of measures to detect meaningful change. We investigated the sensitivity of measures used to quantify acute physiological responses to resistance exercise and constructed a physiological profile to characterise the magnitude of change and time course of this response. Eight males, accustomed to regular resistance exercise, performed experimental sessions during a 'control week', void of an exercise stimulus. Participants repeated this sequence of experimental sessions the following week, termed the 'exercise week', except they performed a bout of lower-limb resistance exercise following baseline assessments. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 2, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-intervention. Based on the signal-to-noise ratio, the most sensitive measures were maximal voluntary isometric contraction, 20m sprint, countermovement jump peak force, rate of force development (100-200ms), muscle soreness, daily analysis of life demands for athletes Part B, limb girth, matrix metalloproteinase-9, interleukin-6, creatine kinase and high sensitivity C-reactive protein with ratios of >1.5. There were clear changes in these measures following resistance exercise, determined via magnitude-based inferences. These findings highlight measures that can detect real changes in acute physiological responses following resistance exercise in trained individuals. Researchers investigating strategies to manipulate acute physiological responses for recovery and/or adaptation can use these measures, as well as recommended sampling points, to be confident that their interventions are making a worthwhile impact.

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“…In addition to initial strength level, 1,2 training status, 3,4 and genetics, 5 the effectiveness of resistance training (RT) depends on an appropriate program design 6 . One of the permanent objectives of coaches and scientists is to find out what is the most time‐efficient dose of exercise necessary to elicit optimal strength adaptations 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of velocity loss during squat training on neuromuscular performance

Rodríguez-Rosell

Yáñez-García

Mora-Custodio

et al. 2021

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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This study aimed to compare the effects of three resistance training (RT) programs differing in the magnitude of velocity loss (VL) allowed in each exercise set: 10%, 30%, or 45% on changes in strength, vertical jump, sprint performance, and EMG variables. Thirty‐three young men were randomly assigned into three experimental groups (VL10%, VL30%, and VL45%; n = 11 each) that performed a velocity‐based RT program for 8 weeks using only the full squat exercise (SQ). Training load (55–70% 1RM), frequency (2 sessions/week), number of sets (3), and inter‐set recovery (4 min) were identical for all groups. Running sprint (20 m), countermovement jump (CMJ), 1RM, muscle endurance, and EMG during SQ were assessed pre‐ and post‐training. All groups showed significant (VL10%: 6.4–58.6%; VL30%: 4.5–66.2%; VL45%: 1.8–52.1%; p < 0.05–0.001) improvements in muscle strength and muscle endurance. However, a significant group × time interaction (p < 0.05) was observed in CMJ, with VL10% showing greater increments (11.9%) than VL30% and VL45%. In addition, VL10% resulted in greater percent change in sprint performance than the other two groups (VL10%: −2.4%; VL30%: −1.8%; and VL45%: −0.5%). No significant changes in EMG variables were observed for any group. RT with loads of 55–70% 1RM characterized by a low‐velocity loss (VL10%) provides a very effective and efficient training stimulus since it yields similar strength gains and greater improvements in sports‐related neuromuscular performance (jump and sprint) compared to training with higher velocity losses (VL30%, VL45%). These findings indicate that the magnitude of VL reached in each exercise set considerably influences the observed training adaptations.

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What does individual strength say about resistance training status?

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of Three Resistance Exercise Orders on Muscular Function and Body Composition in Older Women

Effects of Three Resistance Exercise Orders on Muscular Function and Body Composition in Older Women

Assessing the usefulness of acute physiological responses following resistance exercise: sensitivity, magnitude of change, and time course of measures

Effect of velocity loss during squat training on neuromuscular performance

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