What “Evidence” in Evidence-Based Medicine?

Martini, Carlo

doi:10.1007/s11245-020-09703-4

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In assessing the controversy around the adequacy of EBM, Martini ( 2020 ) asserts that disagreement partly results from “ambiguity about the concept of evidence”, which often goes largely “unanalysed” and therefore “contains the contradictions that allow both camps to defend their positions and charge their adversaries”. Similar concerns about the lack of critical reflection on the meanings of evidence and evidence-based have been raised in relation to other areas of evidence-based practice, where analogous controversies have arisen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epistemologies of evidence-based medicine: a plea for corpus-based conceptual research in the medical humanities

Buts

Baker

Luz

et al. 2021

Med Health Care and Philos

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Evidence-based medicine has been the subject of much controversy within and outside the field of medicine, with its detractors characterizing it as reductionist and authoritarian, and its proponents rejecting such characterization as a caricature of the actual practice. At the heart of this controversy is a complex linguistic and social process that cannot be illuminated by appealing to the semantics of the modifier evidence-based. The complexity lies in the nature of evidence as a basic concept that circulates in both expert and non-expert spheres of communication, supports different interpretations in different contexts, and is inherently open to contestation. We outline a new methodology that combines a social epistemological perspective with advanced methods of corpus linguistics and elements of conceptual history to investigate this and other basic concepts that underpin the practice and ethos of modern medicine. The potential of this methodology to offer new insights into controversies such as those surrounding EBM is demonstrated through a case study of the various meanings supported by evidence and based, as attested in a large electronic corpus of online material written by non-experts as well as a variety of experts in different fields, including medicine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epistemologies of evidence-based medicine: a plea for corpus-based conceptual research in the medical humanities

Buts

Baker

Luz

et al. 2021

Med Health Care and Philos

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“…Thus, there is no practical difference between an outcome based on a prediction of 5% or 95% chance regarding an irreversible event, e.g. death, in an individual [ 25 ]. Importantly, the parameters that characterise the quality of predictions at the group level, e.g.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

On predictions in critical care: The individual prognostication fallacy in elderly patients

Beil

Sviri

Lange

et al. 2021

Journal of Critical Care

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Predicting the future course of critical conditions involves personal experience, heuristics and statistical models. Although these methods may perform well for some cases and population averages, they suffer from substantial shortcomings when applied to individual patients. The reasons include methodological problems of statistical modeling as well as limitations of cross-sectional data sampling. Accurate predictions for individual patients become crucial when they have to guide irreversible decision-making. This notably applies to triage situations in response to a lack of healthcare resources. We will discuss these issues and argue that analysing longitudinal data obtained from time-limited trials in intensive care can provide a more robust approach to individual prognostication.

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“…Evidence-based decision-making has become broadly accepted as necessary for effective decision-making in many professional settings. This has perhaps been most notable in the field of human medicine, where it began to emerge as a new model for more rational clinical practice in the early 1990s [2], and has gained wide global acceptance since then [3,4,5,6]. Evidence-based decision-making has since been adopted in veterinary medicine [7,8,9,10] and many other professional and business sectors [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-driven investment and performance management in the livestock sector

THEVASAGAYAM¹,

Peters²

2023

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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Evidence-based decision-making is now axiomatic in many sectors and has become increasingly important in prioritising development in low-and middle-income countries. In the livestock development sector, there has been a lack of data on health and production required to establish an evidence base. Thus, much strategic and policy decisionmaking has been based on the more subjective grounds of opinion, expert or otherwise. However, there is now a trend towards a more data-driven approach for such decisions. The Centre for Supporting Evidence-Based Interventions in Livestock was established in Edinburgh by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in 2016, to collate and publish livestock health and production data, lead a community of practice to harmonise livestock-data-related methodologies, and develop and monitor performance indicators for livestock investments.

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What “Evidence” in Evidence-Based Medicine?

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Epistemologies of evidence-based medicine: a plea for corpus-based conceptual research in the medical humanities

Epistemologies of evidence-based medicine: a plea for corpus-based conceptual research in the medical humanities

On predictions in critical care: The individual prognostication fallacy in elderly patients

Data-driven investment and performance management in the livestock sector

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