What Indians Think of the COVID-19 vaccine: A qualitative study comprising focus group discussions and thematic analysis

Abstract

Background and aims The study aims to interpret current knowledge, attitude, perceptions and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine in the Indian population. Methods Eight focus group discussions were conducted. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling. Discussions were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Key themes were extracted using thematic analysis method. Results There were 19 males and 24 females, with a mean age of 36 ± 11 years. Sub-themes identified were knowledge, attitude, perception and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine, leading to the main theme, i.e., views about the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion People have mixed perceptions regarding COVID-19 vaccine. Channelling correct messages may improve people's willingness to get vaccinated.

Ontological Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Roll out Strategies: A Comparison of India and the United States of America

“…Human psychology and associated decision making are critical for tackling issues pertaining to vaccine hesitancy. In addition, due to lower emphases on information for education, there is also a paucity of studies to evaluate the willingness of people, facilitators and barriers in vaccine roll out [ 31 ] in India.…”

“…The former for psychological, sociological, and cultural reasons; the latter because of the unexpected prominence of vaccine diplomacy. The need to utilize dissemination of information, as a potential driver, to communicate about vaccine development, its safety and efficacy, time needed for providing protection, and the importance of herd immunity is crucial [ 31 ].…”

“…It is heavily focused on the informational stimulant (48), technological IT (44), spatial location (42), and temporal availability (38). There is medium focus on technological transportation (34), human other (32), informational education (31), and technological medical (29). There is some emphasis on temporal scheduling (20), spatial distance (10), and financial expenditure (10).…”

Public Perception and Potential Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine in India

“…A significant number (25.4%) had other reasons preventing them from getting themselves vaccinated. [13] Factors that can improve COVID-19 vaccine acceptance [14].…”

“…The concerns that contributed to negative attitude were decreased active COVID-19 cases in the country, preference for natural immunity (vaccine not required), misinformation and conspiracies, fear of vaccine side-effects, concerns regarding the genuineness of the vaccine etc. [14] Methods to Improve Vaccine Acceptance Promoting confidence and supporting the healthcare workers in their decision to get vaccinated and also to recommend it to their patients. As we saw in the above case studies, a doctor's recommendation is an important factor that can help people get rid of their misinformation and concerns regarding vaccination.…”