What lifestyles are risk factors for low well-being of healthy elderlies dwelled in a local city in super-aging Japan? ―Kizugawa cohort study―

Abstract

The purpose of this cohort study is to clarify the risk factors of low well-being of elderly people who residing in a local city of a super-aging country, Japan. Subjects are people, who have selected randomly from healthy elderly people resided in Kizugawa City, Kyoto Prefecture, in 2010, followed until 2015. Question survey was conducted in both year, and questionnaire consisted of items such as basic attributes, lifestyles (health practices, consultation behaviors, social activities and so on) and well-being (WHO-5). In analysis we made multi-logistic regression analysis using lifestyle variables as an independent variable and well-being as a dependent variable. The results were as follows. 1. Risk factors were not to exercise, knowledge of appropriate diet, subjective feeling of stress for at least a month, not to participate in voluntary activities, age and bad subjective feeling of health. 2. Risk factors in regard to changes of lifestyles using good-good lifestyles as a reference were sustainment of having no time for hobby or relaxation, sustainment or deterioration of subject feeling of stress for at least a month, sustainment or deterioration of having no time for relaxation and deterioration of having no activities with pleasure or aim. A factor promoting well-being is to have more frequencies for going out home. This study shows that in a longevity society it is important for community-dwelling elderly Japanese to have good health practices, appropriate consultation behaviors and good social activities for the purpose of keeping good well-being, and that these results are contributed to health promotion policy for community-dwelling elderly people.

Factors related to subjective well-being among community-dwelling older adults living alone: A stratified analysis by sex and marital status from the JAGES

“…Subjective well-being is associated not only with elements of socioeconomic status such as sex, marital status, educational attainment, and household income [ 13 ], but also with depression [ 17 , 18 ] and mortality [ 19 ]. Factors specific to older adults’ activities or external interventions that are associated with SWB include exercise, hobbies, knowledge of nutritional balance, and participation in community and volunteer activities [ 20 ]; however, marital status has not been investigated as a factor. In previous studies of the relationship between marital status and SWB, the variation in SWB attributable to marriage-related events including divorce and widowhood has been mentioned [ 13 ]; however, the never-married group has not received much attention.…”

Value of social activities and prerequisites for continued participation of rural older adults: A qualitative study

“…Participation in social activity is associated with vigorous physical activity (Kikuchi et al, 2017 ), prevention of physical frailty (Abe et al, 2020 ), reduced risk of declining ability to perform activities of daily living (Fujihara et al, 2022 ; Kanamori et al, 2014 ), good physical health (Tomioka et al, 2017 ), prevention of cognitive decline (Bourassa et al, 2017 ; Cai, 2022 ; Saito et al, 2018 ; Sun & Lyu, 2020 ), and decreased loneliness (Niedzwiedz et al, 2016 ; Zhao & Wu, 2022 ) and depression (Amagasa et al, 2017 ; Lee & Kim, 2014 ). The cumulative effect of positive psychological and social health outcomes improves older adults' overall well‐being (Hoshino et al, 2020 ; Steinbach, 1992 ) and enhances their quality of life (He et al, 2017 ; Lu et al, 2022 ). Notably, participation in social activities reduces mortality (Arnau et al, 2016 ; Fain et al, 2022 ; Kim et al, 2019 ) and increases survival (Holtzman et al, 2004 ) among older adults.…”