What We Know about Sting-Related Deaths? Human Fatalities Caused by Hornet, Wasp and Bee Stings in Europe (1994–2016)

Feás, Xesús; Vidal, Carmen; Remesar, Susana

doi:10.3390/biology11020282

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Systemic symptoms may affect the skin (itching, urticaria, angioedema), respiratory (stridor, dyspnea, cough, bronchial obstruction), cardiovascular (hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest), gastrointestinal (vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea), or even nervous system (dizziness, fear of death, fainting)— Figure 1 [ 4 ]. Fatal reactions are rare [ 5 ], but Hymenoptera stings cause 20% of cases of anaphylaxis-related fatalities [ 6 ]. Hymenoptera venom allergy is therefore a life-threatening allergy, and all patients who develop systemic symptoms after the sting require a detailed diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy: State of the Art, Challenges, and Perspectives

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hymenoptera venom allergy is the most common cause of anaphylaxis in adults and the second-most frequent in children. The proper diagnosis of this life-threatening allergy remains a challenge. This review focuses on the current knowledge regarding diagnostics of Hymenoptera venom allergy. The paper includes a brief description of the representatives of Hymenoptera order and the composition of their venoms. Then, diagnostic tests for allergy to Hymenoptera venom are described. Common diagnostic problems, especially double positivity in tests for IgE antibodies specific to honeybee and wasp venom, are also discussed. Special attention is paid to the search for new diagnostic capabilities using modern methodologies. Multidimensional molecular analysis offers an opportunity to characterize changes in body fluids associated with Hymenoptera venom allergy and yields a unique insight into the cell status. Despite recent developments in the diagnostics of Hymenoptera venom allergy, new testing methodologies are still needed to answer questions and doubts we have.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy: State of the Art, Challenges, and Perspectives

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA) holds a unique position among allergies. It stands as a prominent cause of anaphylaxis [4,5]. The estimated prevalence of HVA in European population studies ranges from 7.5% to 8.9% [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elderly Patients and Insect Venom Allergy: Are the Clinical Pictures and Immunological Parameters of Venom Allergy Age-Dependent?

Pawłowicz,

Bożek,

Dor-Wojnarowska

et al. 2024

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Insect venom is one of the most common triggers of anaphylaxis in the elderly population. Venom immunotherapy (VIT) remains the only treatment for Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA). However, little is known about the differences in indication for VIT in the group of patients aged 60 years and older. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical and diagnostic differences of HVA in elderly patients. The study compared data from patients aged ≥ 60 (N = 132) to data from patients aged from 11 to 60 years (N = 750) in terms of HVA severity, comorbidities, and immunological parameters, namely, intradermal testing (IDT), specific IgE (sIgE) levels against extracts and major allergenic molecules, and serum tryptase level (sBT). The severity of systemic HVA (I–IV Müller scale) did not differ between adults and seniors. However, the severity of cardiovascular reactions (IV) increased with age, while the frequency of respiratory reactions (III) decreased. No differences were found in the immunological parameters of sensitization IDT, venom-specific IgE concentrations, or sIgE against Api m 1, 2, 4, 5, and 10 between patients below and above 60 or 65 years of age. Differences were noted for sIgE against Ves v1 and Ves v5; they were higher and lower, respectively, in seniors. In the seniors group, sBT levels were higher. Elevated tryptase levels, along with the aging process, can represent a risk factor within this age category. Nevertheless, advanced age does not influence the immunological parameters of immediate HVA reactions, nor does it impact the diagnosis of HVA.

show abstract

“…The majority of bee sting sites are focused on exposed skin of the head, face, and limbs. In mild cases, local redness, swelling, and pain may occur, while severe cases can present with severe allergic reactions, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and even death [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal Underlying Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of Corneal Bee Sting

Wang

Kang

Jin

et al. 2022

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Corneal bee sting (CBS) is one of the most common ocular traumas and can lead to blindness. The ophthalmic manifestations are caused by direct mechanical effects of bee stings, toxic effects, and host immune responses to bee venom (BV); however, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Clinically, topical steroids and antibiotics are routinely used to treat CBS patients but the specific drug targets are unknown; therefore, it is imperative to study the pathological characteristics, injury mechanisms, and therapeutic targets involved in CBS. In the present study, a CBS injury model was successfully established by injecting BV into the corneal stroma of healthy C57BL/6 mice. F-actin staining revealed corneal endothelial cell damage, decreased density, skeletal disorder, and thickened corneal stromal. The terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay showed apoptosis of both epithelial and endothelial cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that cytokine–cytokine interactions were the most relevant pathway for pathogenesis. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showed that IL-1, TNF, and IL-6 were the most relevant nodes. RNA-seq after the application of Tobradex® (0.3% tobramycin and 0.1% dexamethasone) eye ointment showed that Tobradex® not only downregulated relevant inflammatory factors but also reduced corneal pain as well as promoted nerve regeneration by repairing axons. Here, a stable and reliable model of CBS injury was successfully established for the first time, and the pathogenesis of CBS and the therapeutic targets of Tobradex® are discussed. These hub genes are expected to be biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CBS.

show abstract

What We Know about Sting-Related Deaths? Human Fatalities Caused by Hornet, Wasp and Bee Stings in Europe (1994–2016)

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

Diagnosis of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy: State of the Art, Challenges, and Perspectives

Diagnosis of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy: State of the Art, Challenges, and Perspectives

Elderly Patients and Insect Venom Allergy: Are the Clinical Pictures and Immunological Parameters of Venom Allergy Age-Dependent?

Phenotypic and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal Underlying Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of Corneal Bee Sting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About