Wheat domestication in light of haplotype analyses of the Brittle rachis 1 genes (BTR1-A and BTR1-B)

Nave, Moran; Avni, Raz; Çakır, Esra Papatya; Portnoy, Vitaly; Sela, Hanan; Pourkheirandish, Mohammad; Özkan, Hakan; Hale, Iago; Komatsuda, Takao; Dvořák, Jan; Distelfeld, Assaf

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.05.012

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Wild barley spikes present thin primary and secondary cell walls at rachis nodes, which makes them brittle and prone to shedding the seeds at maturity [35], while domesticated barley varieties have thickened cell walls at rachis nodes. Although the exact mechanism is unknown, this phenotype is related to loss of function of either one of two genes, namely Btr1 or Btr2 [35][36][37], and it was suggested that these genes were significant drivers in the evolution of the rachis-type disarticulation system of Triticeae grasses. In barley, closely related genes named Btr1-like and Btr2-like have also been identified, but they are not functional paralogs of Btr1 and Btr2 as they cannot complement btr1 and btr2 in cultivated barley [35].…”

Section: Non-brittle Rachismentioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap for Accelerated Domestication of an Emerging Perennial Grain Crop

DeHaan

Larson

López‐Marqués

et al. 2020

Trends in Plant Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Non-brittle Rachismentioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap for Accelerated Domestication of an Emerging Perennial Grain Crop

DeHaan

Larson

López‐Marqués

et al. 2020

Trends in Plant Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The authors interpreted these results as indicating that emmer was either domesticated independently in the northern and southern parts of the Fertile Crescent, or that domestication occurred in the Diyarbakir region and was followed by gene flow into the crop from wild populations in the southern Levant. The latter hypothesis was later supported by a reanalysis of the original AFLP data [12], but a more recent study of the Brittle rachis genes controlling ear shattering, a key domestication trait, has again indicated that the southern Levant played an important role in emmer domestication [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Multiregional origins of the domesticated tetraploid wheats

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We used genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to investigate the evolutionary history of domesticated tetraploid wheats. With a panel of 189 wild and domesticated wheats, we identified 1,172,469 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with a read depth �3. Principal component analyses (PCAs) separated the Triticum turgidum and Triticum timopheevii accessions, as well as wild T. turgidum from the domesticated emmers and the naked wheats, showing that SNP typing by GBS is capable of providing robust information on the genetic relationships between wheat species and subspecies. The PCAs and a neighbourjoining analysis suggested that domesticated tetraploid wheats have closest affinity with wild emmers from the northern Fertile Crescent, consistent with the results of previous genetic studies on the origins of domesticated wheat. However, a more detailed examination of admixture and allele sharing between domesticates and different wild populations, along with genome-wide association studies (GWAS), showed that the domesticated tetraploid wheats have also received a substantial genetic input from wild emmers from the southern Levant. Taking account of archaeological evidence that tetraploid wheats were first cultivated in the southern Levant, we suggest that a pre-domesticated crop spread from this region to southeast Turkey and became mixed with a wild emmer population from the northern Fertile Crescent. Fixation of the domestication traits in this mixed population would account for the allele sharing and GWAS results that we report. We also propose that feralization of the component of the pre-domesticated population that did not acquire domestication traits has resulted in the modern wild population from southeast Turkey displaying features of both the domesticates and wild emmer from the southern Levant, and hence appearing to be the sole progenitor of domesticated tetraploids when the phylogenetic relationships are studied by methods that assume a treelike pattern of evolution.

show abstract

“…Spike traits are critical for domestication, as they determine the crop yield and the efficiency of the harvest. At least four different loci are involved in control of spike traits in wheat species, namely, spelt factor gene Q (threshability, rachis fragility and spike shape), non-brittle rachis 1 (Btr1 -spike fragility and its severity), tenacious glumes locus (Tgthreshability and rachis fragility) and soft glume locus (sog -threshability) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Q gene located on the long arm of the chromosome 5A controls a wide range of domestication-related traits in polyploid wheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability of spelt factor gene in Triticum and Aegilops species

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Threshability, rachis fragility and spike shape are critical traits for the domestication and evolution of wheat, determining the crop yield and efficiency of the harvest. Spelt factor gene Q controls a wide range of domestication-related traits in polyploid wheats, including those mentioned above. The main goal of the present study was to characterise the Q gene for uninvestigated accessions of wheats, including four endemics, and Aegilops accessions, and to analyze the species evolution based on differences in Q gene sequences. Results We have studied the spike morphology for 15 accessions of wheat species, including four endemics, namely Triticum macha, T. tibetanum, T. aestivum ssp. petropavlovskyi and T. spelta ssp. yunnanense, and 24 Aegilops accessions, which are donors of B and D genomes for polyploid wheat. The Q-5A, q-5D and q-5S genes were investigated, and a novel allele of the Q-5A gene was found in accessions of T. tibetanum (KU510 and KU515). This allele was similar to the Q allele of T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring but had an insertion 161 bp in length within exon 5. This insertion led to a frameshift and premature stop codon formation. Thus, the T. tibetanum have spelt spikes, which is probably determined by the gene Tg, rather than Q. We determined the variability within the q-5D genes among hexaploid wheat and their D genome donor Aegilops tauschii. Moreover, we studied the accessions C21–5129, KU-2074, and K-1100 of Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata, which could be involved in the origin of hexaploid wheats. Conclusions The variability and phylogenetic relationships of the Q gene sequences studied allowed us to clarify the relationships between species of the genus Triticum and to predict the donor of the D genome among the Ae. tauschii accessions. Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata accessions C21–5129, KU-2074 and K-1100 are the most interesting among the analysed accessions, since their partial sequence of q-5D is identical to the q-5D of T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring. This result indicates that the donor is Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata but not Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii. Our analysis allowed us to clarify the phylogenetic relationships in the genus Triticum.

show abstract

Wheat domestication in light of haplotype analyses of the Brittle rachis 1 genes (BTR1-A and BTR1-B)

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Roadmap for Accelerated Domestication of an Emerging Perennial Grain Crop

Roadmap for Accelerated Domestication of an Emerging Perennial Grain Crop

Multiregional origins of the domesticated tetraploid wheats

Genetic variability of spelt factor gene in Triticum and Aegilops species

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About