Wheat versus Corn in Pelleted and Meal Swine Diets2

Erickson, Jim; Miller, E. R.; Hill, G. M.; Black, J. Roy; Bebiak, D. M.; Ku, P. K.

doi:10.2527/jas1980.5151065x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In numerous studies when diets were balanced for dietary energy and AA, wheat-and corn-based diets produced similar growth performance and carcass characteristics when fed during the nursery phase (Erickson et al, 1980) or the finisher phase (Han et al, 2005). This suggests corn can be replaced with wheat in diet formulation with few or no negative effects on performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effects of wheat source and particle size in meal and pelleted diets on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility12

Jong¹,

DeRouchey²,

Tokach³

et al. 2016

Journal of Animal Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effects of wheat source and particle size in meal and pelleted diets on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility12

Jong¹,

DeRouchey²,

Tokach³

et al. 2016

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Reduced digestive efficiency of wheat grain fed at small PSs (<400 μm) could be attributed to possible alterations in gastrointestinal health and function. Finely ground wheat grain-based diets have been associated with gastroesophageal lesions, increased gastrointestinal permeability, alterations in mucosal architecture, and reduced mucin secretions ( Erickson et al, 1980 ; Ayles et al, 1996 , Brunsgaard, 1998 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of grinding method and particle size of wheat grain on energy and nutrient digestibility in growing and finishing pigs

Acosta

Petry

Gould

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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Abstract Feed grains are processed to improve their value in pig diets by exposing kernel contents to enzymatic and microbial action. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of reducing mean particle size (PS) of wheat grain ground with two different grinding methods (GMs) on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and energy in growing and finishing pigs. Forty-eight barrows were housed in individual pens for 11 d for two periods. Pigs were randomly assigned to a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial experimental design: three target mean PS of wheat grain (300, 500, and 700 µm), two GMs (roller mill and hammermill), and two body weight (BW) periods (growing period; initial BW of 54.9 ± 0.6 kg and finishing period; initial BW of 110.7 ± 1.4 kg). Diets contained one of six hard red wheat grain samples, vitamins, minerals, and titanium dioxide as an indigestible marker. Feed allowance provided 2.5 (for the two lightest pigs in each treatment) or 2.7 (for the remaining six pigs in each treatment) times the estimated daily maintenance energy requirement for each growth stage. Fecal samples were collected for the last 3 d of each period. Data were analyzed as a linear mixed model with pig as a random effect and PS, GM, and BW period and their interactions as fixed effects utilizing the MIXED procedure of SAS. Growing pigs had greater (P < 0.05) ATTD of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), N, acid hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) by lowering mean PS from 700 to 500 μm using either a roller mill or a hammermill. However, digestibility did not increase when PS was reduced from 500 to 300 μm, except for AEE (P < 0.05). Finishing pigs had greater ATTD of DM, GE, N, AEE, and NDF by lowering mean PS with a hammermill from 700 to 500 μm (P < 0.05), but it was greater for 500 μm than for 300 μm (P < 0.05). Using a roller mill reduced the ATTD of DM and NDF by lowering PS from 700 to 300 μm (P < 0.05). The ATTD of GE decreased by lowering PS from 700 to 500 μm with a roller mill (P < 0.05) for finishing pigs. The ATTD of N and AEE for finishing pigs were similar from 700 to 300 μm when ground by a roller mill. These data suggest that the PS that maximized digestibility for a hammermill is 500 μm for both growing and finishing pigs. However, for the roller mill, the PS resulting in the best digestibility were 500 and 700 μm for growing and finishing pigs, respectively.

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“…Swine diet composition may also trigger gastric lesion development. Erickson et al (1980) consider that oats and barley are lesser ulcerogenic than corn and wheat, because of their composition. It could partially explain the herein found results, since the feed given to the pigs in the present study was usually of the branny type, which uses wheat and corn as predominant energy components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary cause of gastric ulcers is still unknown, but researchers consider that the etiology of gastric ulcers in pigs is multifactorial and its main causes are the physiological aspects of the species, the diet ingredients and the diet type (pelleted), the disruption in feed intake, fasting period and the resident microbiota and an increase in fluidity of the stomach contents (ERICKSON et al, 1980;AMORY et al, 2006;HAESEBROUCK et al, 2009;SANT'ANA et al, 2011, FRIENDSHIP, 2014MÖßELER et al, 2014). In addition, stressing factors over the animals during their productive period such as such as social stress from mixing, rearing in confinement, high stocking densities, the type of lying surface provided for the pigs during the finishing phase and concurrent diseases (KRAKOWKA and ELLIS, 2006;AMORY et al, 2006;RAMIS et al, 2005;THE PIG SITE, 2014) or during their transportation may trigger ulcerative and chronic esophagogastric lesions (SANT'ANA et al, 2011) that, depending on the extent, lead to severe bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract as well as to death.…”

Section: Introduçâomentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Gastric Lesion in Pigs

2017

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Gastric lesions are a common problem in intensive pig production and it is often detected at slaughter. The current study aims to evaluate the prevalence of gastric lesions in finishing and breeding pigs at the time of slaughter. It was conducted in a slaughterhouse in Franca region-São Paulo State, from October to November 2013 and in July 2014. Four hundred (400) stomachs from slaughtered pigs were analyzed for the presence of macroscopic lesions suggesting gastric ulcer. Scores from 0 to 4 were attributed to the stomachs depending on the extent of the lesions, namely: score 0-Normal stomach; score 1-stomach showing parakeratosis; score 2-stomach showing active or chronic ulcer covering less than 33% of the Pars oesophagea; score 3-stomach showing active or chronic ulcer covering from 33 to 66% of the Pars oesophagea; score 4-stomach showing active or chronic ulcer covering more than 66% of the Pars oesophagea. Score-3 lesions-i.e., lesions showing active or chronic ulcer covering from 33 to 66% of the Pars oesophagea-were most frequently found, thus corresponding to 43.2% (173/400) of the evaluated organs. Few stomachs (5/400) showed intact mucosae, i.e., they were score 0, and corresponded to 1.25% of the evaluated stomachs. It was concluded that the prevalence of gastric lesions in pigs from intensive system pig farm was 98.75% and that the active or chronic ulcer covering from 33 to 66% of the Pars oesophagea was the most frequently found lesion.

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Wheat versus Corn in Pelleted and Meal Swine Diets2

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of wheat source and particle size in meal and pelleted diets on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility12

Effects of wheat source and particle size in meal and pelleted diets on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility12

Effects of grinding method and particle size of wheat grain on energy and nutrient digestibility in growing and finishing pigs

Prevalence of Gastric Lesion in Pigs

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