When 2D nanomaterials meet biomolecules: design strategies and hybrid nanostructures for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

2D nanomaterials show great potential in biomedical applications due to their unique surface physical and chemical properties. In this review, typical 2D nanomaterials in bone tissue engineering (BTE), such as...

Chiral nanomaterials in tissue engineering

“…[180][181][182] By mimicking the features of the native ECM and activating biological processes associated with nanoscale interactions, nanomaterial-based strategies may enable the controlled regulation of cellular behaviour and interactions that macroscopically lead to improved tissue regeneration. [183][184][185][186][187] However, there are still difficulties in creating hierarchically structured or complex tissues, replicating whole organ functions, accurately directing cell behaviour, and recreating a native environment to direct tissue differentiation or function. 188,189 Chiral nanomaterials, with their unique ability to modulate enantiospecific cell behaviour may be the key to addressing these unresolved challenges in tissue engineering.…”

Graphene oxide/copper nanosheet-integrated hydrogel platform as a bioactive and biocompatible scaffold to accelerate calvarial defect restoration

“…Graphene and its derivatives (GO or rGO) have demonstrated promising application potential in tissue regeneration, nanocatalysis and biomedical fields due to their versatile characteristics, such as good electrical and mechanical conductivity properties and high capacity for heat isolation and absorption [18]. Moreover, the introduction of GO could improve the mechanical properties and biological activities of hybrid scaffolds, significantly promoting cell attachment, migration, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts [19]. During continuous innovation and modification in material processing, surface characterization, and optimization of the bioactivity and cytotoxicity of GO in recent years, GO-based biomaterials have shown unique advantages with regard to constructing BTE scaffolds for repairing bone defects [19][20][21].…”

“…Moreover, the introduction of GO could improve the mechanical properties and biological activities of hybrid scaffolds, significantly promoting cell attachment, migration, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts [19]. During continuous innovation and modification in material processing, surface characterization, and optimization of the bioactivity and cytotoxicity of GO in recent years, GO-based biomaterials have shown unique advantages with regard to constructing BTE scaffolds for repairing bone defects [19][20][21]. However, the promotive efficacy and biosafety of GO-incorporated bone scaffolds needs to be further investigated and elucidated prior to popularization in future clinical settings.…”

A Ti3C2 MXene-integrated near-infrared-responsive multifunctional porous scaffold for infected bone defect repair

“…1 To satisfy the needs of bone defect repair, numerous efforts have been made in recent decades to develop varying bone substitute biomaterials. Three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds are promising candidates for bone defect repair because they can simulate the extracellular matrix, 2 and the interconnected pore structure can facilitate cellular activity (such as proliferation, adhesion, and migration), nutrient transportation, and cell–cell interaction. 3,4 However, there are still some limitations associated with 3D porous scaffolds in clinical practice.…”