When Parsimony Is Not Enough: Considering Dual Processes and Dual Levels of Influence in Sexual Decision Making

Rendina, H. Jonathon

doi:10.1007/s10508-015-0569-2

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…One implication of our findings is that, in order to maximize ecological validity, future lab-based research on sexual response and decision-making (e.g., the effects of arousal on behavior) should be conducted at times of day or in states of tiredness that more closely match the real-world conditions in which sexual decisions are commonly being made. Our findings also highlight the need for studies utilizing intensive longitudinal assessment, such as daily diaries, to gather details on time of day when sexual activity begins and on levels of concomitant tiredness, antecedent sleep quality, and co-occurring substance use, in order to better capture person-by-situation interactions regarding sex (Cooper, 2010; Rendina, 2015). Finally, research could also explore indirect pathways from tiredness to sexual behavior via intervening factors such as impaired emotion regulation or increased negative affect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Three Reasons to Consider the Role of Tiredness in Sexual Risk-Taking Among Gay and Bisexual Men

et al. 2018

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Numerous factors have been shown to increase sexual risk-taking-especially among gay and bisexual men (GBM), who remain disproportionately affected by HIV and STIs. We present three lines of evidence that highlight the need to consider a previously under-explored situational factor in sexual risk-taking: tiredness. While tiredness has been shown, in sleep science literature, to impair cognition, emotional functioning, and decision-making in a wide range of behaviors, it has yet to be considered in-depth as a risk factor in sexual behavior. Counter to the common-sense assumption that being tired should impede the performance of active, effortful behaviors such as sex, we propose that tiredness may actually increase sexual risk-taking. Analyzing data from an online survey of 1113 HIV-negative GBM, we found that sex with casual partners most commonly occurred at night, especially among younger GBM and those with an evening chronotype, and that sex without condoms more often occurred at or later than one's usual time of feeling tired (as was reported by 44.2% of men) than did sex with condoms (reported by 36.6%). We also found that tiredness can increase sexual desire in many GBM (endorsed by 29.9%), and increases the likelihood of engaging in receptive positioning in anal sex (endorsed by almost 40% of men with a versatile sexual positioning identity). These findings highlight the importance of considering tiredness as a situational risk factor in sexual health-especially among younger GBM-and of counting sex among the behaviors that can be adversely impacted by poor or overdue sleep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Three Reasons to Consider the Role of Tiredness in Sexual Risk-Taking Among Gay and Bisexual Men

et al. 2018

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“…B. Lust, Versagensangst, aber auch Lust am Risiko, eine wichtige Rolle; Emotionen beeinflus-sen das Verhalten maßgeblicher als Kognitionen (Rendina 2015). So braucht es also beides: kognitives Wissen über Risiken, aber auch die Fähigkeit, darauf in einer sexuellen Situation zuzugreifen.…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Kondomnutzung in unterschiedlichen heterosexuellen Settings

2018

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Zusammenfassung Einleitung: Zahlreiche internationale Surveys haben sich mit Kondomnutzungsraten in den jeweiligen Nationen befasst. Zudem liegen Forschungsergebnisse zu Faktoren vor, die mit der Kondomnutzung assoziiert sind. Forschungsziele: Die Kondomnutzungsraten deutscher Erwachsener werden in verschiedenen sexuellen Settings untersucht. Zudem werden diverse Faktoren auf einen Zusammenhang mit dem Nutzungsverhalten überprüft. Explorative Analysen beschäftigten sich mit der Frage, aus welchen Gründen Kondome nicht genutzt werden. Methoden: Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Kondomnutzung und den einzelnen demografischen Faktoren sowie der vorangegangenen Kommunikation über Kondome wurde mithilfe von binär-logistischen Regressionen untersucht. Ergebnisse: Beim „ersten Mal“ und beim ersten Sex in der aktuellen Beziehung verwendeten etwas über 40 % der Befragten ein Kondom. Beim letzten Sex in einer sexuellen Risikosituation nutzte etwa die Hälfte der Personen ein Kondom. Besonders selten wurden Kondome beim letzten Sex in der aktuellen Beziehung genutzt. Alter und Bildung standen in fast allen Settings in einem signifikanten Zusammenhang mit der Kondomnutzung; der größte Einflussfaktor war jedoch die Kommunikation über Kondome mit der Partnerin bzw. dem Partner. Schlussfolgerung: In sexuellen Risikosituationen werden zu selten Kondome genutzt, um eine Verbreitung von sexuell übertragbaren Infektionen (STI) zu verhindern. Interventionen sollten den positiven Effekt von Safer-Sex-Kommunikation berücksichtigen und auch ältere Menschen sowie Menschen mit niedrigem Bildungsstand im Blick haben.

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“…Given that a large proportion of the variability in sexual decision making occurs within individuals (i.e., intra individual) over a series of events (i.e., sexual episodes), rather than between individuals (i.e., inter individual) [14], it has been suggested that models of sexual decision making should take into account both trait-like factors as well as within-person situational state-like factors [15]. Between-person differences on a number of globally measured, trait-like factors—such as intentions or motivations for condom use [9], self-efficacy [7], sensation seeking [16], sexual compulsivity [17], and negative emotionality (e.g., depression) [18]—have been associated with global measures of sexual risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, when experiencing sexual arousal, college-aged males were more likely to make riskier sexual decisions [51]. Rendina [15] has argued that the heightened affect and physiological arousal leading up to, and during, sexual activity influence decision making, particularly to the extent that such affective and physiological states can bias cost–benefit considerations that underlie decision making. We propose that this biasing effect of sexual arousal on sexual decision making is more potent or influential among those with high IGT scores, given that higher IGT scores generally reflect a greater degree of noticing one’s internal bodily or affectively influenced “thermostat” and adaptively adjusting subsequent cognitive and health decision making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Somatic Marker Hypothesis and Sexual Decision Making: Understanding the Role of Iowa Gambling Task Performance and Daily Sexual Arousal on the Sexual Behavior of Gay and Bisexual Men

Rendina

Millar

Dash

et al. 2018

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

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Background The sexual decision-making literature suggests that sexual arousal and behavior are associated. The somatic marker hypothesis suggests that individual neuropsychological differences in decision making, as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), may moderate these associations; however, this hypothesis has yet to be tested with event-level sexual behavior data. Purpose We hypothesized that (a) daily sexual arousal would be positively associated with likelihood of engaging in sex and condomless anal sex (CAS) and (b) IGT scores would moderate these associations such that the associations would be stronger among those with higher IGT scores.Methods We used daily diary data from 334 highly sexually active gay and bisexual men to examine the main and interaction effects of sexual arousal and IGT scores on sexual engagement and CAS. Results As hypothesized, daily sexual arousal was positively associated with greater odds of both sexual engagement and CAS with casual male partners. Individual-level IGT performance significantly moderated the day-level association between arousal and sexual engagement, which was stronger for men with higher IGT scores. There was no main effect of IGT scores on either sexual behavior outcome, nor did it moderate the association between arousal and CAS. Conclusions These findings highlight the influence of sexual arousal on sexual engagement, which differed by IGT scores; the effect of arousal on CAS was much less variable and may not be moderated by neurocognitive factors. This study supports the importance of exploring integrated behavioral/biomedical interventions to improve individual decision making to prevent HIV infection.

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When Parsimony Is Not Enough: Considering Dual Processes and Dual Levels of Influence in Sexual Decision Making

Cited by 11 publications

References 84 publications

Three Reasons to Consider the Role of Tiredness in Sexual Risk-Taking Among Gay and Bisexual Men

Three Reasons to Consider the Role of Tiredness in Sexual Risk-Taking Among Gay and Bisexual Men

Kondomnutzung in unterschiedlichen heterosexuellen Settings

The Somatic Marker Hypothesis and Sexual Decision Making: Understanding the Role of Iowa Gambling Task Performance and Daily Sexual Arousal on the Sexual Behavior of Gay and Bisexual Men

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