Whether and How Much to Give: Uncovering the Contrasting Determinants of the Decisions of Whether and How Much to Give to Charity with Two-Stage Alternatives to the Prevailing Tobit Model

Petrovski, Erik

doi:10.1007/s11266-017-9828-2

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Gender is not related to the probability of doing pro bono but matters for the hours invested: women who do pro bono devote fewer hours than their male colleagues ( b = −17.547, p < 0.05). Similar gender differences between participation and extent of involvement have been observed in studies of charitable giving that apply two‐stage models (e.g., Forbes & Zampelli, 2011; Petrovski, 2017). We also find that the different groupings of legal fields are not related to the probability of doing pro bono but influence hours invested.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Scholars describe the logic of sample selection bias as requiring a two‐stage approach (Forbes & Zampelli, 2011; Petrovski, 2017; Wooldridge, 2010). Determining whether or not an observation in an overall population appears in a final representative sample is the first stage and modeling the relation between the hypothesized dependent and independent variables in the final sample is the second stage (Certo et al, 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with the general basis of altruism, volunteering is not aimed directly at the material gain and nor is it mandated or coerced by others (Haski‐Leventhal, 2009). However, pure altruism is not required for people to volunteer since individuals may benefit themselves to a degree from volunteering through a good conscience (Petrovski, 2017), reputation (Scholnick & Prignano, 2013), and knowledge of meeting professional responsibilities (Bartlett & Taylor, 2016)—as in the case of lawyers giving free legal services to those in need (Maldonado, 2020). Yet, a current of altruism runs through lawyers' volunteering of their professional skills to help marginalized individuals and organizations advocating for the public good.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When altruism is remunerated: Understanding the bases of voluntary public service among lawyers

Kay

Granfield

2022

Law Soc Rev

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The legal profession claims a duty of public service that calls on lawyers to volunteer their time through “pro bono” work (i.e., free legal service). And increasingly law firms strongly endorse pro bono and even remunerate time that is provided to clients without charge. But what happens when pro bono is mandated by the law firm, even compensated? Is altruism undermined? Drawing on a survey of 845 lawyers, we develop an integrated theoretical model to account for how volunteering takes place in the course of legal work. The analysis reveals psychological traits, collective norms, economic exchanges, and organizational dimensions shape lawyers' pro bono work in intriguing ways with marked distinctions emerging when pro bono is remunerated by firms. Collective norms known to foster altruistic behavior appear most relevant to pro bono that is outside the job (i.e., unpaid), while organizational supports and constraints as well as economic exchange factors appear most salient to pro bono that is compensated within firms. We argue that a theory of pro bono work requires a more refined understanding of the forces promoting helping behaviors across several dimensions: whether to help, how much to help, and with or without compensation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When altruism is remunerated: Understanding the bases of voluntary public service among lawyers

Kay

Granfield

2022

Law Soc Rev

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“…Furthermore, WGI provided by Gallup only concerns the frequencies of donating, volunteering, and helping. It is obvious that the frequency of donation is quite different from the amount of money donated (Petrovski, 2017). For example, Apinunmahakul (2014) reported that in 2011 the Thailand participants averagely gave less money than the participants in United States, but in Gallup’s WGI report the donation percentage score of Thailand (85%) was higher than that of the United States (65%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indulgence and Long Term Orientation Influence Prosocial Behavior at National Level

Guo

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Psychol.

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The relationships between several Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and prosocial behavior at national level have been investigated by some studies. Yet the roles of indulgence versus restraint (IVR) and long-term versus short-term orientation (LTO), two newly established cultural dimensions, have received insufficient interest. This study aimed to investigate whether the World Giving Index (WGI), a national level measure of prosocial behavior (including donating, volunteering, and helping a stranger) provided by Gallup, was affected by IVR and LTO. The results suggested a positive link between IVR and WGI, and a negative link between LTO and helping a stranger. Culture values can in a great extend account for why prosocial behavior varies across countries. Further analysis revealed interactions among IVR, LTO, and individualism versus collectivism (IND). Simple slope analyses found that: (1) a higher level of IND could enhance the positive influence of IVR on prosocial behavior; (2) a lower level of IND could weaken the negative impact of LTO on prosocial behavior; (3) a higher level of IVR could weaken the negative effect of LTO on prosocial behavior.

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“…The decision to give or not may differ from the decision how much to give. For example, financial considerations are likely to be more decisive for amounts donated than for the decision to make a donation (Petrovski, 2017). Therefore, we deploy separate multilevel Probit regression models on the probability to donate and multilevel linear regression models on the amount donated conditional on donating.…”

Section: Analytical Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Government Expenditures Shift Private Philanthropic Donations to Particular Fields of Welfare? Evidence from Cross-country Data

Wit

Neumayr²,

Handy

et al. 2018

European Sociological Review

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Do government expenditures shift private philanthropic donations to particular fields of welfare? We examine this association in the first crosscountry study to correlate government expenditures with the level of individual private donations to different fields of welfare using the Individual International Philanthropy Database (IIPD, 2016; Ncountry=19; Nindividual=126,923). The results of the descriptive and multilevel analyses support the idea of crosswise crowding-in; in countries where government expenditures in health and social protection are higher, more donors give to support the environment, international aid, and the arts. The level of giving to different sectors, however, is not associated with government expenditures. The results reject the crowding-out hypotheses and provide a nuanced picture of the relationship between government funding and philanthropic giving across different fields of social welfare.

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Whether and How Much to Give: Uncovering the Contrasting Determinants of the Decisions of Whether and How Much to Give to Charity with Two-Stage Alternatives to the Prevailing Tobit Model

Cited by 7 publications

References 57 publications

When altruism is remunerated: Understanding the bases of voluntary public service among lawyers

When altruism is remunerated: Understanding the bases of voluntary public service among lawyers

Indulgence and Long Term Orientation Influence Prosocial Behavior at National Level

Do Government Expenditures Shift Private Philanthropic Donations to Particular Fields of Welfare? Evidence from Cross-country Data

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