Which aspects of socioeconomic status are related to obesity among men and women?

Ball, Kylie; Mishra, Gita D.; Crawford, David

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801960

Cited by 125 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In men, no association was observed with childhood socioeconomic circumstances, and the association with adult socioeconomic circumstances disappeared after adjusting for conditions in childhood (Brunner et al, 1997). In another study made in the adult population in Australia, the prevalence of abdominal obesity also showed an inverse association with socioeconomic circumstances in adulthood in women, but no association in men (Ball et al, 2002). Our study confirms these findings to some degree: we found an association only with educational level and adult socioeconomic conditions in women.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studies and Possible Explanationssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…With regard to the association between social class in adulthood and BMI, most studies that have examined this association in the adult population have consistently showed an inverse association between social class based on occupation in women and an ambiguous or lack of association in men (Sobal & Stunkard, 1989;Croft et al, 1992;Helmert et al, 1992;Blane et al, 1996a;Brunner et al, 1999;Ball et al, 2002). Similar to the results found in our study, an inverse association in women aged 60-79 y has also been shown between BMI and husband's occupation or own occupation if single, after adjusting for social circumstances in childhood (Lawlor et al, 2002).…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studies and Possible Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity and socioeconomic position measured at three stages of the life course in the elderly

et al. 2004

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Objective: To investigate the association between socioeconomic position, measured at three stages of the life course, and obesity in the elderly. Design: Cross-sectional study carried out in [2000][2001]. Subjects: In total, 4009 subjects aged 60 y and older, representative of the Spanish noninstitutionalised population. Research Methods and Procedures: We estimated body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) by social class in childhood, by educational level and by adult social class, as well as the association between these two obesity measures and each socioeconomic characteristic after adjusting for the other two. Results: In men, no relation was found between the two measures of obesity studied and socioeconomic circumstances throughout the life course. Nor was any relation found in women between social class in childhood and the two measures of obesity after adjusting for the other two socioeconomic variables. In contrast, BMI and WC in women showed a statistically significant inverse gradient with educational level and with adult social class after adjusting for age and the rest of the socioeconomic variables. Conclusions: In general, these results support the small amount of existing evidence on the association between obesity and abdominal obesity and socioeconomic position by educational level and adult social class. The results for social class in childhood do not support the existing evidence, and suggest that this association may depend on specific historic and cultural circumstances.

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Section: Comparison With Other Studies and Possible Explanationssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Comparison With Other Studies and Possible Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and socioeconomic position measured at three stages of the life course in the elderly

et al. 2004

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“…The choice of social indicator is also of primary importance in measuring the relationships between obesity and socioeconomic status. 32 The indicator used in the present study is based on employment, and has been shown to be both a good measure of employment relations and a sound predictor of life chances. 17 Furthermore, choice of this indicator meant that classification into four categories could be made very easily with the data available in the school records.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of social class on time trends in BMI distribution in 5-year-old French children from 1989 to 1999

Romon

Duhamel²,

Collinet³

et al. 2004

Int J Obes

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AIMS:To assess the prevalence of obesity and changes in body mass index (BMI) distribution between 1989 and 1999 in 5-y-old children, and to study the influence of parental socioeconomic status on these parameters. METHODS: Two cohorts of children in the final year of nursery school (in the city of Lille, France) were enrolled in 1989 (705 children: mean age ¼ 5.670.4 y) and 1999 (1258 children: mean age ¼ 5.670.5 y). Weight and height were measured, and data about parental occupation were collected during a school medical examination. International Obesity Task Force cutoff points were used to define overweight and obesity. Parental occupation was classified into four categories. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity increased from 1.8 to 4.9%, and the prevalence of overweight rose from 9.6 to 16.9%. Mean-difference plots allowed qualitative comparisons of the BMI distribution between the surveys: for children from the highest social classes, there was no change in BMI; for children from intermediate classes, there was a up-shift only in the upper part of the distribution with the heaviest children becoming heavier still; finally, for children from the lowest class, there was an increase in BMI across the entire population. CONCLUSIONS: This study of the changes in BMI distribution gives greater insight into the 'obesity epidemic'. Our results show the influence of an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The increase in BMI in the upper part of the distribution suggests that this is a population with a high degree of susceptibility, whereas the increase in BMI across the whole population in the lowest social class suggests a strong influence of the environment on this group and thus the necessity of appropriate, preventive measures. IntroductionThe increasing rate of adult obesity worldwide has been paralleled by similar (and often even greater) increases in the proportion of overweight children. In the United States, the prevalences of overweight in children and adolescents have doubled and almost tripled respectively since the 1960s. 1 These trends have been observed in all parts of the worldFin affluent societies 2-5 as well as in developing countries. 6 However, most previous studies have used different definitions of childhood obesity, and thus reported trends were difficult to compare internationally. Recently, the Childhood Obesity Working Group proposed a new international body mass index (BMI) reference for defining overweight and obesity for children and adolescents aged 2-18 y. 7 These cutoff values are based on pooled international data for BMI, and are linked to the attainment of adult cutoff points of 25 and 30 kg/m 2 for obesity and overweight, respectively.These cutoff values enable us to compare the prevalence of obesity and overweight between countries but do not fully explain changes in BMI distribution within a population. An increase in mean BMI may be attributable to either a shift in E-mail: mromon@univ-lille2.fr M Romon supervised the survey and analysis of data and prepa...

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“…Attention is now increasingly being directed toward examining the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and arthritis; however, these data still remain sparse. It is well documented that individuals of lower SES, measured by individual parameters such as income, education, and occupation, have lifestyles that are less protective of arthritis, including, but not limited to, greater levels of physical inactivity and obesity (6) and a greater likelihood of smoking (7). Occupation also influences the onset and/or progression of arthritis, whereby individuals with physically demanding occupations such as miners and dockers have a higher prevalence of knee arthritis (8), and physically strenuous jobs that require knee bending, squatting, or heavy lifting significantly increase the risk of knee arthritis (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood disadvantage, individual‐level socioeconomic position, and self‐reported chronic arthritis: A cross‐sectional multilevel study

Brennan¹,

Turrell²

2012

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To examine the association between individual-and neighborhood-level disadvantage and self-reported arthritis. Methods. We used data from a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in 2007 among 10,757 men and women ages 40 -65 years, selected from 200 neighborhoods in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia using a stratified 2-stage cluster design. Data were collected using a mail survey (68.5% response). Neighborhood disadvantage was measured using a census-based composite index, and individual disadvantage was measured using self-reported education, household income, and occupation. Arthritis was indicated by self-report. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Results. The overall rate of self-reported arthritis was 23% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 22-24). After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, arthritis prevalence was greatest for women (odds ratio [OR] 1.5, 95% CI 1.4 -1.7) and in those ages 60 -65 years (OR 4.4, 95% CI 3.7-5.2), those with a diploma/associate diploma (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6), those who were permanently unable to work (OR 4.0, 95% CI 3.1-5.3), and those with a household income <$25,999 (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.7-2.6). Independent of individual-level factors, residents of the most disadvantaged neighborhoods were 42% (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.7) more likely than those in the least disadvantaged neighborhoods to self-report arthritis. Cross-level interactions between neighborhood disadvantage and education, occupation, and household income were not significant. Conclusion. Arthritis prevalence is greater in more socially disadvantaged neighborhoods. These are the first multilevel data to examine the relationship between individual-and neighborhood-level disadvantage upon arthritis and have important implications for policy, health promotion, and other intervention strategies designed to reduce the rates of arthritis, indicating that intervention efforts may need to focus on both people and places.

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Which aspects of socioeconomic status are related to obesity among men and women?

Cited by 125 publications

References 23 publications

Obesity and socioeconomic position measured at three stages of the life course in the elderly

Obesity and socioeconomic position measured at three stages of the life course in the elderly

Influence of social class on time trends in BMI distribution in 5-year-old French children from 1989 to 1999

Neighborhood disadvantage, individual‐level socioeconomic position, and self‐reported chronic arthritis: A cross‐sectional multilevel study

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