Which Factors Determine CO2 Emissions in China? Trade Openness, Financial Development, Coal Consumption, Economic Growth or Urbanization: Quantile Granger Causality Test

Yang, Zhenkai; Wang, Mei-Chih; Chang, Tsangyao; Wong, Wing‐Keung; Li, Fangjhy

doi:10.3390/en15072450

Cited by 50 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…A 1% increase in URB reduces CE by 5.789%, implying that urbanization abates China's environmental quality. This result agrees with the findings of Wang et al (2016), Zi et al (2016), Liu and Bae (2018), Cui et al (2022), and Yang et al (2022), who displayed the negative impact of urbanization on China's environmental quality. 60% of China's population lives in urban areas and the huge population increases energy demand in cities.…”

Section: Empirical Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…China emits huge CO 2 emissions due to heavy and dirty industrial production and product exports, which have a negative impact on carbon efficiency.A 1% increase in URB reduces CE by 5.789%, implying that urbanization abates China's environmental quality. This result agrees with the findings ofWang et al (2016),Zi et al (2016),Liu and Bae (2018),Cui et al (2022), andYang et al (2022), who displayed the negative impact of urbanization on China's environmental quality.…”

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confidence: 92%

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Carbon efficiency in China: Should we be concerned about the shadow economy and urbanization?

2023

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Reducing carbon emissions is critical to achieving a carbon‐neutral world according to the Glasgow Climate Pact, but production, and thus carbon emissions, must continue to meet the needs of the world's growing population. Minimizing carbon emissions per production, that is, increasing carbon efficiency is one way to support the Sustainable Development Goals. Therefore, studying the determinants of carbon efficiency for China, the largest global polluter, is important for zero carbon goals. To this end, this study examines the effects of the shadow economy, globalization, trade openness and urbanization on carbon efficiency using novel dynamic autoregressive‐distributed lag simulations for China during 1990–2018. The empirical results illustrate that (i) the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is not valid; (ii) Shadow economy, trade openness and urbanization reduce carbon efficiency and (iii) Globalization enhances carbon efficiency. Based on these results, it is suggested that the Chinese government should combat the shadow economy to increase carbon efficiency, regulate unplanned and polluting urbanization in a green manner, reduce carbon intensity in foreign trade, and benefit from environmental technologies provided by globalization.

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Section: Empirical Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

supporting

confidence: 92%

Carbon efficiency in China: Should we be concerned about the shadow economy and urbanization?

2023

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“…For example, evidence by find that financial inclusion strengthens macroeconomic stability in 22 emerging economies from 2008-2015, while Nguyen et al (2020) highlight the importance of financial integration for long-run economic growth in a developing country like Vietnam. Moreover, Li et al (2021) and Yang et al (2022) establish that financial development negatively affects carbon emissions in China and South Africa. In addition, Rjoub et al (2022) find that, not only is financial development associated with environmental degradation in Turkey, but that it plays a key moderating role in the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions, by providing credit channels for investing in climate change' research and development.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial Development and Income Inequality: Evidence From Advanced, Emerging and Developing Economies

Chisadza

Biyase

2023

Ann. Finan. Econ.

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We investigate the effects of financial development on income inequality for a global sample of countries between 1980 and 2019. The study contributes to the current literature by first, making use of a multifaceted index of financial development that captures different aspects of financial developments over time. Second, we compare the effects of financial development on income inequality across economic classifications, namely advanced, emerging and least developed countries. Last, we investigate the non-linear effects of financial development on income inequality across these economic classifications. The findings indicate that in general, financial development reduces inequality across emerging and least developed countries, but is not statistically significant for advanced countries. However, when we disaggregate the financial development index into its sub-components (financial institutions and financial markets), we find different effects on inequality, based on the levels of development. Further investigation on the dimensions under financial institutions and financial markets (depth, access and efficiency) reveals that banking sector development under financial institutions has income inequality-reducing effects in emerging and least developed countries, while stock market development under financial markets widens inequality in least developed countries. We also find heterogeneous non-linear effects between emerging and least developed countries. The findings in our paper firstly highlight the nuances in financial development depending on the level of development in countries, and secondly that policies focused on financial inclusion of the poor can mitigate inequality.

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“…Though creating city centers and attracting people to them brings many economic advantages to the nations, the increasing urbanization without a proper town plan leads to many environmental issues. For example, lack of proper waste disposal mechanisms, increment in energy usage, and overpopulation in town areas create many social and environmental issues (Tang, 2022;Yang et al, 2022;Iheonu et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2021). One of the key issues is the unstoppable environmental pollution due to greenhouse gas emissions via factories, transportation systems, and garbage dumps.…”

Section: Effect Of Urbanization On Environmental Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Technological Advancements on Environmental Degradation: Evidence from ASEAN

Othman¹,

Hewage

Pyeman

et al. 2022

E-BPJ

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This research investigates the long-run and short-run effects of technological advancements on environmental degradation in ASEAN countries. The research was conducted using Pooled Mean Group (PMG) panel data estimation methodologies, and the data set used in this study includes annual data from 2000 to 2019. Results revealed that the development of technology reduces the environmental degradation of ASEAN countries. Improvements in technology and more money for research and development through domestic savings lead to increased environmental quality in the long run. Therefore, this study concludes that policymakers should increase the investment in technological innovations to reduce environmental degradation. Keywords: Economic Growth; Environmental Degradation; Technological Advancements; Pooled Mean Group eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i21.3671

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Which Factors Determine CO2 Emissions in China? Trade Openness, Financial Development, Coal Consumption, Economic Growth or Urbanization: Quantile Granger Causality Test

Cited by 50 publications

References 70 publications

Carbon efficiency in China: Should we be concerned about the shadow economy and urbanization?

Carbon efficiency in China: Should we be concerned about the shadow economy and urbanization?

Financial Development and Income Inequality: Evidence From Advanced, Emerging and Developing Economies

Impact of Technological Advancements on Environmental Degradation: Evidence from ASEAN

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